资料简介
二、创新新高考试题
解读
基于教育新态势的2021年高考英语备考范式创新
（一）教育方针
一、分析教育新态势
（一）教育方针
1949年召开的第一次全国教育工作会议明确了通过建设新民主主义教育，“为人
民服务，首先为工农兵服务，为当前革命斗争与建设服务”并未对人民的道德品质
作出具体规范。
1957年，毛泽东同志在《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》一文中提出：“我
们的教育方针，应该使受教育者在德育、智育、体育几方面都得到发展，成为有社
会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者。”培养有社会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者，成为这
一阶段立德树人的主要任务，德育问题受到重视。
改革开放以来，教育发展迎来新契机。立德树人重要地位不断凸显。邓小平同志
提出，“教育要面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来”“培养有理想、有道德、有文
化、有纪律的‘四有’新人”。“三个面向”和“四有新人”成为改革开放新时期
立德树人的主要任务。
1999年《关于深化教育改革，全面推进素质教育的决定》强调实施素质教育，丰
富了立德树人的理论内涵。
21世纪初期，随着改革开放的不断深入，教育和人才服务社会主义建设的重要
性和紧迫性日益凸显。
党的十六大报告指出：“坚持教育为社会主义现代化建设服务，为人民服务，与
生产劳动和社会实践相结合，培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。”
党的十七大报告进一步指出，“坚持育人为本、德育为先，实施素质教育，提高
教育现代化水平，培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人，办好人民满
意的教育。”
进入新时代，经济全球化、信息化使人类德性面临严峻挑战。
党的十八大报告首次将“立德树人”作为教育的根本任务确立下来，体现了党对
教育如何培养人这一教育本质的新认识。
党的十九大报告进一步提出要全面贯彻党的教育方针，落实立德树人根本任务，
发展素质教育，推进教育公平，培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。
2015年，根据习近平总书记系列讲话精神，教育部、共青团中央、全国少工
委出台《关于加强中小学劳动教育的意见》，提出了劳动教育的培养目标和工作
目标，强调“通过劳动的教育”强化其他四育，达到“树德、增智、强体、育美、
创新”的效果，促进学生德智体美劳全面发展。
2018年9月10日，针对当前部分青少年中存在的“不爱劳动、不会劳动、不珍
惜劳动成果”的现象，习近平总书记在全国教育大会上特别强调，要在学生中弘
扬劳动精神，这一重要讲话明确将劳动教育确定为全面发展教育的重要组成部分。
2019年03月18日，习近平总书记在学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会上提出，
讲好新时代的思想政治理论课，必须做到“八个统一”
2019年6月23日，《关于深化教育教学改革全面提高义务教育质量的意见》，
将劳动教育纳入全面培养的教育体系，正式提出“五育并举”的教育方针，将劳
动教育列为必修课，要求各级各类学校开足开好劳动教育课。
2019年11月26日习近平总书记主持召开中央全面深化改革委员会第十一次会
议。会议强调，劳动教育是中国特色社会主义教育制度的重要内容。要全面贯彻
党的教育方针，坚持立德树人，把劳动教育纳入人才培养全过程，贯通大中小各
学段，贯穿家庭、学校、社会各方面，把握育人导向，遵循教育规律，创新体制
机制，注重教育实效，实现知行合一，促进学生形成正确的世界观、人生观、价
值观。大会通过了《关于全面加强新时代大中小学劳动教育的意见》。
2018年9月10日，全国教育大会在北京召开。习近平书
记在讲话中明确了教育的首要问题、教育工作的根本任
务，提出了教育改革中的“9个坚持”和今后开展教育
工作的“9个要求”
✦ 教育的首要问题 培养什么人，是教育的首要问题。
✦ 教育工作的根本任务 我国是中国共产党领导的社
会主义国家，这就决定了我们的教育必须把培养社会主
义建设者和接班人作为根本任务。
✦ 办好教育的根本保证 加强党对教育工作的全面领
导，是办好教育的根本保证。
✦ 教育评价导向 扭转不科学的教育评价导向，坚
决克服唯分数、唯升学、唯文凭、唯论文、唯帽子的顽
瘴痼疾，从根本上解决教育评价指挥棒问题。
九个坚持、六个下功夫
习近平：坚持中国特色社会主义教育发展道路
培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人
坚持党对教育事业的全面领导；
坚持把立德树人作为根本任务；
坚持优先发展教育事业；
坚持社会主义办学方向；
坚持扎根中国大地办教育；
坚持以人民为中心发展教育；
坚持深化教育改革创新；
坚持把服务中华民族伟大复兴作为教育的重要使命；
坚持把教师队伍建设作为基础工作。
• ✦ 教育工作的“9个要求”
• 要在坚定理想信念上下功夫；
• 要在厚植爱国主义情怀上下功夫；
• 要在加强品德修养上下功夫；
• 要在增长知识见识上下功夫；
• 要在培养奋斗精神上下功夫；
• 要在增强综合素质上下功夫；
• 要树立健康第一的教育理念；
• 要全面加强和改进学校美育；
• 要在学生中弘扬劳动精神。
教育改革中的“9个坚持”
✦ 教育工作的“9个要求”
要在坚定理想信念上下功夫；
要在厚植爱国主义情怀上下功夫；
要在加强品德修养上下功夫；
要在增长知识见识上下功夫；
要在培养奋斗精神上下功夫；
要在增强综合素质上下功夫；
要树立健康第一的教育理念；
要全面加强和改进学校美育；
要在学生中弘扬劳动精神。
八统一
2019年03月18日，习近平总书记在学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会上提出，
讲好新时代的思想政治理论课，必须做到“八个统一”：
坚持政治性和学理性相统一，坚持价值性和知识性相统一，坚持建设性和批
判性相统一，坚持理论性和实践性相统一，坚持统一性和多样性相统一，坚持主
导性和主体性相统一，坚持灌输性和启发性相统一，坚持显性教育和隐性教育相
统一。
这“八个统一”围绕一个主题，就是落实立德树人根本任务，增强思政课的
思想性、理论性和亲和力、针对性；“八个统一”贯穿一条主线，这就是守正创
新，也就是习近平总书记强调的遵循思想政治教育规律、遵循教书育人规律、遵
循学生成长规律，沿用好办法、改进老办法、探索新办法；蕴含着一个科学方法，
就是唯物辩证法。
《中国高考评价体系 》 2020
2020年是教育领域落实全国教育大会精神的开局之年，高
考内容改革也开启了一个新时代。“五育并举”、“六个下功
夫”、“八统一”是中国共产党新时代教育工作的根本方针，
也是2020年甚至更长时间内高考内容改革的根本遵循。2020
年高考，进一步深化立德树人考查要求，进一步加强从“考知
识”到“考能力”的考查，尤其加强了创新与批判性思维能力
的考查，特别是以“一核四层四翼”为主体内容的高考评价体
系发布，昭示着高考命题和评价的新标准已然确立，高考指挥
棒的指挥方向发生了根本性的转变，它将深刻地影响每一位考
生和一线教师，也必将助推中国基础教育改革迈向纵深。
五育并举
2015 • 社会主义核心价值观
2016 • 一点四面
2017 • 一体四层四翼
2018 • 一核四层四翼
2019 • 不忘初心 牢记使命
（二）高考评价体系
一、分析教育新态势
《中国高考评价体系》
2020年高考，进一步深化立德树人考查要求，进一步
加强从“考知识”到“考能力”的考查，尤其加强了创
新与批判性思维能力的考查，特别是以“一核四层四翼”
为主体内容的高考评价体系发布，昭示着高考命题和评
价的新标准已然确立，高考指挥棒的指挥方向发生了根
本性的转变，它将深刻地影响每一位考生和一线教师，
也必将助推中国基础教育改革迈向纵深。
基于高考评价体系的英语科考试内容改革实施路径
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
高考评价体系：基于德智体美劳全面发展
《国务院关于深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》：深化高考考试内容
改革、规范高考命题。
《中国高考评价体系》
第一章 中国高考评价体系总体特征/1
一、 高考评价体系是以价值为引领的评价体系/ 2
二、 高考评价体系是系统的评价体系/ 4
三、 高考评价体系是科学的评价体系/ 5
四、 高考评价体系是创新的评价体系/ 7
第二章 中国高考评价体系关键概念和重要关系/ 10
一、“一核”：高考的核心功能/ 10
二、 “四层”：高考的考查内容/ 20
三、 “四翼”：高考的考查要求/ 32
目 录
第一章 中国高考评价体系总体特征/1
一、 高考评价体系是以价值为引领的评价体系/ 2
二、 高考评价体系是系统的评价体系/ 4
三、 高考评价体系是科学的评价体系/ 5
四、 高考评价体系是创新的评价体系/ 7
I目录
• 中国高考评价体系包括高考的核心功能、考查内容和考查要求，明确
了 “一核” “四层” “四翼”的概念及其在素质教育发展中的内涵：
“一核”为考查目的，即“立德树人、服务选才、引导教学”，是对素
质教育中高考核心功能的概括，回答“为什么考”的问题；“四层”为
考查内容, 即“核心价值、学科素养、关键能力、必备知识”，是素质
教育目标在高考中的提炼，回答“考什么”的问题；“四翼”为考查要
求，即“基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性”，是素质教育的评价维度
在高考中的体现，回答“怎么考”的问题。
• 中国高考评价体系梳理了各要素之间的逻辑关系，遵循正确的研究方
向、目标和科学的路径、方法，创造性地提出高考命题理念从“知识立
意” “能力立意”向“价值引领、素养导向、能力为重、知识为基”转
变的理论基础与方法论 基础。中国高考评价体系是一个以价值为引领的、
系统的、科学的、创新的评价体系，有助于在咼考的各项工作中切头 落
实立德树人的根本任务。
第一章 中国高考评价体系总体特征
第二章 中国高考评价体系关键概念和重要关系/ 10
一、“一核”：高考的核心功能/ 10
（一） 立德树人——高考的根本任务/10
（二） 服务选才——高考的基本功能/ 13
（三） 引导教学--基础教育对高考的现实要求/15
（四） 三大功能之间的关系/19
I目录
高考的核心功能----金线----贯穿始终
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：
阅读的乐趣
夹叙夹议 NPR (美国国家公共
广播电台)
285+109=394 难
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：
拼图游戏有助于提高孩
子的数学思维，尤其是
空间技能
说明文
(研究报告)
Science Daily
《每日科学》
248+93=341 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与自然：
动物保护
说明文 Los Angeles Times
《洛杉矶时报》
240+108=348 中
山东卷 人与自我：
努力自有回报
记叙文 314+119=432 易
浙江卷 人与社会：
智能交通信号灯
说明文 298+102=400 中
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与社会：竞走 说明文 The New York Times
《纽约时报》
302+98=400 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与自然：海狸鼠毛皮时
装环保
说明文 NPR (美国国家公共
广播电台)
329+95=424 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：多代同住 夹叙夹议 The Guardian《卫报》 309+82=391 中
山东卷 人与社会：介绍一本有关
乌兹别克斯坦游记的书
说明文 294+89=383 中
浙江卷 人与社会：挑战性工作可
能会让大脑保持敏捷
说明文 298+97=395 中
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自然：发光植物可用
来照明
说明文 CNN (美国有线新闻网) 324+153=477 难
全国卷Ⅱ 人与自我：我爱图书馆 记叙文 Read Brightly (在线阅读网
站)
339+108=447 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与自然：人类的进化 说明文 The New York Times《纽
约时报》
298+113=411 难
山东卷 人与社会：就餐同伴对饮
食习惯的影响
说明文 321+111=432 中
浙江卷 无D篇
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：接受自我 说明文 Huffpost （赫芬顿邮报） 240+34=274 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：表情符号 说明文 Adweek
《广告周刊》
211+71=282 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：乔迁派对 说明文 ESL FAST加拿大英语学习
资源搜索网站
243+79=322 易
山东卷 人与自我：当众演讲的
四个建议
说明文 235+65=300 中
浙江卷 人与自我：克服孤独 记叙文 254+53=307 中
一核考查实例 2020
一核考查实例
目 录 第二章 中国高考评价体系关键概念和重要关系/ 10
二、 “四层”：高考的考查内容/ 20
（一） “四层”考查内容的构建原则/20
（二） 核心价值在高考考查中的引领作用/ 26
（三） 学科素养在高考考查中的导向作用/29
（四） 关键能力是高考考查中的重点内容/30
（五） 考查内容在发展素质教育中的作用/ 31
I目录
高考考查内容----银线----常做常新
必备知识
必备知识是即将进人高等学校的学习者在面对与学科
相关的生活实践或学习题情境时,有效地认识问题、分
析问题、解决问题所必须具各的知识。英语科的必备
知识包括语言知识和文化知识。考生应掌握《英语课
程标准》中英语语音、词汇、语法、语篇、语用知识
内容要求以及文化知识内容要求所列的相关项目,还应
掌握《英语课程标准》所列的相关词汇和语法项目。
--李勇 赵静宇 史辰羲 高考评价体系的基本内涵与主要特征.中国考试.2019.12
考试内容改革实施途径9学科
关键能力
书面和口语表达是跨文化交际中需要用到的能力。书面表达包
含内容、词汇语法、篇章结构和写作规范,反映这4个要素的英语
科书面表达能力应具有以下特征:
1) 内容完整并且清楚、合理,逻辑性强,符合写作目的与情境;
2) 词汇和语法结构多样并且使用准确、恰当;
3) 整体结构清晰,句间和段间衔接有效,意义连贯;
4) 单词拼写正确,标点、大小写等符合规范。
口语表达包含语音语调、词汇语法、语言组织和互动交际,反映
这4个要素的口语表达能力应具有以下特征:1)发音规范,语调自然,
能准确表达意义;2)词汇和语法结构使用准确、恰当;3)能有效使用
衔接手段使表达条理清晰、逻辑连贯;4)表达切合题意,能使用澄清、
补救等策略促进互动,实现交际目的。
----（陈 康 吴泓霖 李新煜 乔辉 基于高考评价体系的英语科考试内容改革实施路径，2019）
--李勇 赵静宇 史辰羲 高考评价体系的基本内涵与主要特
征.中国考试.2019.12
目 录 三、 “四翼”：高考的考查要求/ 32
（—）基础性：咼考强调基础扎实/ 32
（—）综合性：高考强调融会贯通/ 33
（三） 应用性：高考强调学以致用/ 34
（四） 创新性：高考强调创新意识和创新思维/ 34
I目录
2020书面表达高考试题“一核四层四翼”体现
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与社会：介绍身边值得尊敬
和爱戴的人
人物介绍 原创 100词左右 难
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：周末去农场采摘 记叙文 原创 100词左右 难
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：求助信 应用文 原创 100词左右 难
山东卷 人与自我：5公里越野赛
人与社会：帮助贫困家庭（读
后续写）
应用文
记叙文
应用文
原创
80词左右
150词左右
易
难
浙江卷 人与社会：写信给生病的老师
人与自然：遭遇北极熊（读后
续写）
慰问信
记叙文
应用文
原创
80词左右
150词左右
易
难
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写
一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的：
2．个人优势：
3．能做的事情。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
话题意义：宣传中国传统文化，树立文化自信，用
英语讲好中国故事
试题：集基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性于一体
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将
参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 比赛信息；
2. 赛前准备；
3. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯。
话题意义：体育教育的重要性
试题：集基础性、应用性、综合性、
创新性于一体
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，
内容包括：
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯。
话题意义：音乐教育的重要性
试题：集基础性、综合性、应用性、创
新性于一体
（三）新课程标准
一、分析教育新态势
语言
知识
语言
技能
学习策略
文化意识
情感
态度
价值观
听
说
读
写
• 《高中课标》(2017版)基调
Enlightenment of English Curriculum Standard for High Schools (2017 edition)
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与社会：
列车信息
应用文 https://translink.com.au/sit
es/default/files/assets/time
tables/200302-redcliffe-
peninsula.
210+58=268 易
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：
湖区景点介绍
应用文 http://mediafiles.thedms.co.u
k/Publication/CU/cms/pdf/20
16-Attractions-Guide-V2.pdf
https://www.exploresouthlake
land.co.uk/downloads/Attract
ions-Guide-2015.
296+70=366 易
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：
与学者的时光之旅
应用文 234+49=283 易
山东卷 人与社会：
诗歌邀请赛
应用文 192+72=264 易
浙江卷 人与社会：
一本书的引言
说明文 268+113=381 中
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：
阅读的乐趣
夹叙夹议 NPR (美国国家公共广
播电台)
285+109=394 难
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：
拼图游戏有助于提高孩子
的数学思维，尤其是空间
技能
说明文
(研究报告)
Science Daily
《每日科学》
248+93=341 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与自然：
动物保护
说明文 Los Angeles Times《洛
杉矶时报》
240+108=348 中
山东卷 人与自我：
努力自有回报
记叙文 314+119=432 易
浙江卷 人与社会：
智能交通信号灯
说明文 298+102=400 中
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与社会：竞走 说明文 The New York Times
《纽约时报》
302+98=400 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与自然：海狸鼠毛皮时装
环保
说明文 NPR (美国国家公共广
播电台)
329+95=424 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：多代同住 夹叙夹议 The Guardian《卫报》 309+82=391 中
山东卷 人与社会：介绍一本有关乌
兹别克斯坦游记的书
说明文 294+89=383 中
浙江卷 人与社会：挑战性工作可能
会让大脑保持敏捷
说明文 298+97=395 中
试卷类
别
话题 体裁 来源 词数 难
度
全国卷
Ⅰ
人与自然：发光植物
可用来照明
说明文 CNN (美国有线新闻网) 324+153=47
7
难
全国卷
Ⅱ
人与自我：我爱图书
馆
记叙文 Read Brightly (在线阅
读网站)
339+108=44
7
中
全国卷
Ⅲ
人与自然：人类的进
化
说明文 The New York Times
《纽约时报》
298+113=411 难
山东卷 人与社会：就餐同伴
对饮食习惯的影响
说明文 321+111=432 中
浙江卷 无D篇
主题语境在2020年高考的体现
主题语境在2020年高考的体现
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：接受自我 说明文 Huffpost （赫芬顿邮报） 240+34=274 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：表情符号 说明文 Adweek
《广告周刊》
211+71=282 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：乔迁派对 说明文 ESL FAST加拿大英语学习资
源搜索网站
243+79=322 易
山东卷 人与自我：当众演讲的四个
建议
说明文 235+65=300 中
浙江卷 人与自我：克服孤独 记叙文 254+53=307 中
阅读七选五
全面考查英语学科核心素养
英语学业水平考试和英语高考的命题要着重考查学生在具
体社会情境中运用英语理解和表达意义的能力，特别是听、说、
读、看、写的能力。同时，要通过语言材料的选择、考查重点
的设置、考试项目和考试形式的设计等，直接或间接地考查学
生的文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。
——普通高中英语课程标准(2017版)中考试命题建议
2. 核心素养
3. 六要素整合活动观
全面考查英语学科核心素养
英语学业水平考试和英语高考的命题要着重考查学生在具
体社会情境中运用英语理解和表达意义的能力，特别是听、说、
读、看、写的能力。同时，要通过语言材料的选择、考查重点
的设置、考试项目和考试形式的设计等，直接或间接地考查学
生的文化意识、思维品质和学习能力。
——
4. 考试命题建议
（四）高考改革
一、分析教育新态势
2018年实行课改，
2021年新高考省份名
单：
江苏 湖北 福建 辽宁
广东 重庆 河北 湖南
2022年
(四）新高考改革
2020全国高考英语试题9套
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
• 新高考英语科目考试题型有重大变化，其中英语写作分为两部分：
• 第一节为应用文写作；
• 第二节为读后续写或概要写作。
应用文写作与往年的写作变化不是很大，已为广大师生所熟悉，但是第二
节的读后续写或概要写作是一种新题型
• 书面表达改革
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写
一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1．写信目的：
2．个人优势：
3．能做的事情。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯；
3．结束语已为你写好。
话题意义：宣传中国传统文化，树立文化自信，用
英语讲好中国故事
试题：集基础性、综合性、应用性、创新性于一体
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将
参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 比赛信息；
2. 赛前准备；
3. 表达期待。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯。
话题意义：体育教育的重要性
试题：集基础性、应用性、综合性、
创新性于一体
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，
内容包括：
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，
以使行文连贯。
话题意义：音乐教育的重要性
试题：集基础性、综合性、应用性、创
新性于一体
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2019
2020高考书面表达
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与社会：介绍身边值得尊敬
和爱戴的人
人物介绍 原创 100词左右 难
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：周末去农场采摘 记叙文 原创 100词左右 难
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：求助信 应用文 原创 100词左右 难
山东卷 人与自我：5公里越野赛
人与社会：帮助贫困家庭（读
后续写）
应用文
记叙文
应用文
原创
80词左右
150词左右
易
难
浙江卷 人与社会：写信给生病的老师
人与自然：遭遇北极熊（读后
续写）
慰问信
记叙文
应用文
原创
80词左右
150词左右
易
难
一、分析教育新态势
（五）高中新教材
（一）落实立德树人，注重价值引领新教材的变化
(五）新教材
增加了 Welcome Unit
主题：同学之间彼此了解，建立友谊。
内容：复习初中的语音（拼读规则）、语法（基本句型）、日常表达用语等，并与新同学进行
交流，开展听、说、读、写活动。
（二）“以人为本”的原则
（三）重视介绍中华优秀文化新教材的变化
反映当代社会发展新变化、科技进步新成果，比如从神舟五号开始，一直
到天舟一号、天宫二号、玉兔号月球车、量子卫星等，以及当代科学成就的文
章，如介绍女科学家屠呦呦。
（四）更新教材内容
（五）调整教材框架 旧教材新教材的变化
设计单元框架时，增加了一些新的板块，如主题页、语音、视频和拓展性阅读语篇等，每一个单元都有一个
大的主题，采用主题引领式编写。
新教材的变化
活动标题引出单元主题语境，更加具有层次性、关联性和整合性。
新教材
单元的每一个板块都有一个小主题。
旧教材 新教材
Warming up Theme
Pre-reading Listening and Speaking
Reading Reading and Thinking
Comprehension Discovery Useful Structures
Learning about language Listening and Talking
Using language Reading for Writing
Workbook Assessing Your Process
/ Project
/ Video Time
新教材的变化
（六）优化板块设计
单元板块设计更加体现了学习的过程性：理解性输入——内化——
理解性输出。
新教材的变化
Questions for
discussionGoals
具体到每个单元，各单元都围绕一个主题语境展开，并依托不同类型的语篇
加以呈现，融合对听、说、读、看、写等各种语言技能的学习。
Unit 1 TEENAGE LIFE
新教材的变化
（七）改进活动设计
教材突出了活动主题，优化了活动的逻辑层次，提高了活动可操作性，起到
很好的支架作用。
新教材的变化
旧教材
新教材的变化
新教材
新教材的变化
在问题的设计上，思维的深度和广度明显提高，讨论问题更具开放性。
如：必修一 Unit 3 Sports and fitness
比较、分析、推断到归纳、评价和构建自己的观点，发展学生的多元思维和批判性思维。
新教材的变化
（八）加强策略指导
听说板块和阅读与思考板块都有计划地设计了显性的学习策略指导栏目。
新教材的变化
二、悟读新高考试题
基于教育新态势的2021年高考英语备考范式创新
二、悟读新高考试题
整体评价
STEP2STEP1
基于文本解读的试题分
析
{一）试题总评
考试中心评价体现高考评价体系要求，深入强化关键能力考查
体现立德树人时代特征，促进德智体美劳全面发展
稳定试卷结构和试题难度，体现时代性和公平性
2020年高考英语命题总评
立足全面发展育人导向 引导基础教育英语教学
1. 立足全面发展育人方向，加强德智体美劳全面考查
1.1 关注体育锻炼，倡导健康意识
1.2 融入美育知识，提高审美情趣
1.3 宣传劳动精神，引导工作意识
2. 体现高考评价体系总体要求，重视学科素养和道德品质养成
2.1 重视思维品质培养
2.2 倡导人际关系和谐
2.3 关注生态环境保护
3. 进一步深化内容改革，试题质量不断提升
3.1 稳定试卷结构，全面考查综合语言运用能力
3.2 控制试卷难度，稳步提升试题命制质量
4. 推动素质教育，积极引导基础教育英语教学
4.1 以必备知识为基础，重点培养关键能力
4.2 以学科素养为导向，强化核心价值引领
2019年高考英语试题评析（国家考试中心）
1.落实立德树人根本任务，强化高考育人功能和价值导向
(1)增强中华文化浸润，引导增强“四个自信”
(2)融入人文知识介绍，引导关注人类命运共同体
(3) 重视思维品质培养，倡导建立和谐人际关系
2.体现高考评价体系总体要求，考查主干知识和关键能力
(1)强调听说读写四项关键能力的考查
(2)体现基础性、综合性、应用性和创新性考查要求
3.试卷内容设计科学，试题质量不断提升
4.考试内容改革稳步推进，改革成效得以巩固
浙江省使用的全国统一命题试卷和上海市的自主命题试卷继续使用新的
试卷结构。其中，读写结合题型的采用，突出对考生综合语言运用能力
和创新意识的考查，有利于区分高水平的学生和引导中学英语教学。
2018年全国高考英语试题评析
二、悟读新高考试题
（一）整体评价
STEP2STEP1
（二）基于文本解读的试
题分析
A B C
E D
理解文中具体信息能力 判断推理能力 推断单词或短语含义的能力
理解主旨要义能力 理解作者的意图、观点和态度能力理解文章的基本结构
（7选5）
F
0
4
01
03
词汇、语法+语篇+语用知识等
文化知识
中外文化知识和百科知识
02
04
语言能力
思维能力
逻辑思维能力、批判性思维能力、
创新思维能力
2020年外媒来源次数最多的Top
5
选材
选材特点：
语言原汁原味 时代感强 题材丰富 体裁多样贴近生活
试卷类
别
话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国
卷Ⅰ
人与社会：
列车信息
应用文 https://translink.com.au/sites/default/fil
es/assets/timetables/200302-redcliffe-
peninsula.
210+58=
268
易
全国
卷Ⅱ
人与社会：
湖区景点介绍
应用文 http://mediafiles.thedms.co.uk/Publicat
ion/CU/cms/pdf/2016-Attractions-
Guide-V2.pdf
https://www.exploresouthlakeland.co.u
k/downloads/Attractions-Guide-2015.
296+70=
366
易
全国
卷Ⅲ
人与社会：
与学者的时光
之旅
应用文 234+49=
283
易
山东
卷
人与社会：
诗歌邀请赛
应用文 192+72=
264
易
2020阅读理解A篇文本解读
2020-1Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before
boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no
guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma
Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink.
com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6:42pm Altandi Varsity
Lakes 7:37pm
7:29pm Central Varsity
Lakes 8:52pm
8:57pm Fortitude
Valley
Varsity
Lakes 9:52pm
11:02pm Roma Street Varsity
Lakes 12:22am
2020-1
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before
boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no
guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail
services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位
于)at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink.
com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特
点
应用
文
人与
社会
文章主要介
绍了一些火
车信息，包
括失物招领、
公共假期安
排以及列车
出发时间等
信息
语言
T
r
a
i
n
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
Tickets and
schedule
Lost property
Public holidays
Customers using
mobility devices
21. What would you do get ticker information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink .com.au.
C. Ask at the local. D. Check the train schedule.
细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your
local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站
询问或拨打131230。故选C。
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is
open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma
Street station.可知失物招领处位于罗马街车站。故选B。
23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity
Lakes? A. 6:42 pm. B. 7:29 pm. C. 8:57 pm. D. 11:02 pm.
细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central
出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，
故选B。
2020-2 The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape（景观）. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated
and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the
International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00（16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15-16.00（15.00 in Oct）
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a
city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary
exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and
family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic
galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his
hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café.
Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
2020-2 The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape（景观）. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and
award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the
International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00（16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15-16.00（15.00 in Oct）
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a
city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary
exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and
family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries
to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his
hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café.
Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
文章
体裁
主题
语境
内文章容 文章结构 写作特点
应用
文
人与
社会 本文是湖区景
点指南，介绍
了几个主要的
景点的特色，
地点和参观时
间。
语言
T
h
e
L
a
k
e
D
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
A
t
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
G
u
i
d
e
n
Dalemain Mansion &
Historic Gardens
Abbot Hall art Gallery
& Museum
Tullie House Museum
& Art Gallery
Dove Cottage & The
wordsworth Museum
2020-2 The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape（景观）. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated
and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the
International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30-17.00（16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15-16.00（15.00 in Oct）
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a
city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary
exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and
family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic
galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his
hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café.
Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in
July?
A.09.30—17.30. B.10.30—16.00. C. 11.15—16.00. D.12.00—16.30
细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，
根据段中的House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-
16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A. Enjoy Ronney’s works. B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival. D. Learn the history of a family
细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，
根据其中的The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the
temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深
刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)
可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney\\\'s works.(欣赏
Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
细节理解题。根据题干中explore Wordsworth\\\'s life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，
以及最后一行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth\\\'s的生活，可以去
Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。
2020-3 Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z.
Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our
tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin Fields
of flowers, tile-roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful
experience.
Southern Spain (15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges, but it is also a treasury
of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we
travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman Mérida
and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes (21 days)
Discover the China of "past ages," its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery
with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at
Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will
wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in
Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman
city of Dougga, the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and
the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, unique for underground cities. Our
journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
应用
文
人与
社会 文章主要
介绍了四
个国家中，
那些可以
让人们回
顾过去的
著名景点。
语言
J
o
u
r
n
e
y
B
a
c
k
i
n
T
i
m
e
w
i
t
h
S
c
h
o
l
a
r
s
e
Classical Provence (13
days)
Southern Spain (15
days)
China's Sacred
Landscapes (21 days)
Tunisia (17 days)
2020-3 Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence (13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z.
Soltes. We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our
tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin Fields
of flowers, tile-roofed (瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful
experience.
Southern Spain (15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent (芳香) of oranges, but it is also a treasury
of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks, Romans and Arabs. As we
travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo, Roman
Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes (21 days)
Discover the China of "past ages," its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery
with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights (精彩之处) include China's most sacred peaks at
Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples. We will
wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in
Shanghai.
Tunisia (17 days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the
Roman city of Dougga, the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman
Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata, unique for underground
cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
• 21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain?
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers. C. Van Gogh's paintings. D.
Greek buildings, 细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-
preserved Roman monuments in the world. 和第二部分的we explore historical
monuments and architecture可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们
可以参观历史遗迹。故选A项。
22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about?
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.推理判断题。根据第三部分的
China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discoverhe China of ''past
ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. )可
推测Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。故选C项。
23. Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour?
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages.
D. Rolling hills.细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city
of Dougga, the underground Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and
the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for underground
cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia
的首府，Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下
城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上
说法，故选B项。
阅读理解B篇
试卷类
别
话题 体裁 来源 词数 难
度
全国卷
Ⅰ
人与自我：
阅读的乐趣
夹叙夹议 NPR (美国国家公共
广播电台)
285+109=394 难
全国卷
Ⅱ
人与社会：
拼图游戏有助于提高孩
子的数学思维，尤其是
空间技能
说明文
(研究报告)
Science Daily
《每日科学》
248+93=341 中
全国卷
Ⅲ
人与自然：
动物保护
说明文 Los Angeles Times
《洛杉矶时报》
240+108=348 中
山东卷 人与自我：
努力自有回报
记叙文 314+119=432 易
浙江卷 人与社会：
智能交通信号灯
说明文 298+102=400 中
2020-1 Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with
an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight
suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t
change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and
transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based
on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has
wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one
contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and
reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading
every spring, is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his
classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的),
an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie
Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and
nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because
poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which
might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is
indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency
a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.
But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better
understand your friends.
2020-1 Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with
an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight
suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books
don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and
transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based
on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has
wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one
contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and
reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading
every spring, is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s
his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉
的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is
Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything
and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems,
because poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts,
which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money
is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest
currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as
time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order
to better understand your friends.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
夹叙
夹议
人与
自我 文章介绍了重
新阅读的意义
和益处，并向
读者介绍了作
者每年重读的
三本书。作者
鼓励读者去重
新阅读书籍。
语言
r
e
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
提出____
分析____
叙述____
提出___
2020-1 Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with
an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight
suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t
change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and
transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based
on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has
wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one
contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and
reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading
every spring, is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his
classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的),
an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie
Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and
nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because
poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which
might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is
indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency
a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.
But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better
understand your friends.
• 24. Why does the author like rereading?
• A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.
• B. It’s a window to a whole new world.
• C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.
• D. It extends the understanding of oneself.
• 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“But books don’t change, people do. And
that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但是书没变，
人变了。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处)”和第二段“The beauty of
rereading lies in that our bond with the work is based on our present register. It
is true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.(重新阅读的美妙之处在于我
们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞
逝。)”可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解。故选D项。
2020-1 Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.
There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you
both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act
of rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present
mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all
about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a
give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading
every spring, is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his
classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的),
an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie
Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and
nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because
poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which
might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is
indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency
a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.
But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better
understand your friends.
• 25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?
• A. It’s a brief account of a trip.
• B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.
• C. It’s a record of a historic event.
• D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
• 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of
1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler
time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，
是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。由此可判断出A Movable Feast
是关于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B项
2020-1 Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with
an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity — but also sometimes a slight
suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t
change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and
transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based
on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has
wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one
contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and
reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading
every spring, is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his
classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的),
an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie
Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and
nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because
poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which
might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is
indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency
a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.
But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better
understand your friends.
• 26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to?
• A. Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
• 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“while money is indeed wonderful and
necessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的
语境可推知，“rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader
can pay them.”意为“但是重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判
断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。
• 27. What can we infer about the author from the text?
• A. He loves poetry. B. He’s an editor. C. He’s very ambitious.
• D. He teaches reading.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The third book is Julio
Cortázar’s Save Twilight: selected poems, because poetry.(第三本书是胡里
奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城: 诗歌精选》，因为诗歌)”可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而
喜欢这本书。故选A项。
2020-2 Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their
child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during
everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26
and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,
on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said
in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,
and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-
income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both
boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys
tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys
provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than
parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
2020-2 Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their
child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during
everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26
and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,
on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said
in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,
and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-
income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both
boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys
tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys
provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than
parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
社会 是关于孩子们
玩智力游戏的
研究，介绍了
研究考虑的因
素，研究过程
和结果。
语言
“
研
究
报
告
型
”
说
明
文
研究____
研究___
研究___
研究___
2020-2 Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their
child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during
everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26
and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,
on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said
in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,
and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-
income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both
boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys
tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys
provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than
parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
• 24. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
• A. Building confidence. B. Developing spatial skills.
• C. Learning self-control. D. Gaining high-tech knowledge.
• 细节理解题。根据第二段中…found children who play with puzzles between ages
2 and 4 develop better spatial skill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方
面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。故选B项。
2020-2 Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help
their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found
children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54
months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their
ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,
and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-
income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both
boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys
tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys
provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than
parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
• 25.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？
• A. Parents’ age. B. Children’s imagination.
• C. Parents’ education. D. Child-parent relationship
• 细节理解题。Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition
after controlling for difference in parents' income, education and the amount of
parent talk, Levine said.( Levine说，在父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数方面控制
差异性之后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考
虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C. Parents\\\' education.(父母的教
育)符合以上说法，故选C项。
2020-2 Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their
child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during
everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26
and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,
on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said
in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,
and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-
income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both
boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys
tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys
provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than
parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
• 26. How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
• A. They play with puzzles more often. B. They tend to talk less during the game.
• C. They prefer to use more spatial language.
• D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
• 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However, boys tended to play with more complex
puzzles than girls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的
谜题。故选D项。
• 27. What is the text mainly about?
• A. A mathematical method. B. A scientific study.
• C. A woman psychologist D. A teaching program.
• 主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过
程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。故选B项。
2020-3 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public
last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard
But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one
activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to
create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that
records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to
create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on
live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of
animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions
this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The
Hangover Part I" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the
creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are
raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
2020-3 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public
last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard
But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one
activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to
create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that
records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to
create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on
live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of
animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions
this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The
Hangover Part I" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the
creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are
raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
自然
动物
保护
新闻 报道
电影“猩球崛
起”首映式，
动物爱好者感
谢拍摄时没有
使用真的类人
猿，而使用数
字化人猿的创
造技术，电影
的拍摄却存在
着虐地动物的
现象。
语言
新
闻
报
道
类
说
明
文
____导入
___展开
___分析
____状况
2020-3 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public
last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard
But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one
activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to
create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that
records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to
create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on
live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of
animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions
this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The
Hangover Part I" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the
creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are
raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
• 24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?
• A. To see famous film stars. B. To oppose wearing fur coats.
• C. To raise money for animal protection. D. To express thanks to some
filmmakers.
• 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist ,dressed in a full -body monkey
suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real
apes”可知，动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。
2020-3 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public
last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard
But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one
activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to
create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that
records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to
create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on
live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of
animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions
this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The
Hangover Part I" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the
creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are
raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
• 25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
• A. The cost of making "Apes." B. The creation of digitalized apes.
• C. The publicity about "Apes." D. The performance of real apes.
• 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture
(动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of
dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later
processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人
猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，
花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是
关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。
2020-3 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last
month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-
wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:
"Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of
millions of dollars on technology that records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final
image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on
live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of
animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions
this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The
Hangover Part I" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the
creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are
raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
• 26. What does the underlined phrase“ keeping tabs on" in paragraph 3 probably
mean? A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally.
• C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully.
• 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which
monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，
监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文Already, a number of films, including
"Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the
anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated
properly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护
人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此可知，其中一家监控动
物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思
是“密切关注”。故选D项。
2020-3 When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public
last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard
But they weren't there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one
activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: "Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to
create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that
records an actor's performance and later processes it with computer graphics to
create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on
live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of
animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions
this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The
Hangover Part I" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the
creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it's the off-set training and living conditions that are
raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?
A. They may be badly treated. B. They should take further training.
C. They could be traded illegally. D. They would lose popularity..
推理判断题。根据最后一段In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of
the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s the off-set
training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are
questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not
monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.”（在某些情况下，让
活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。还有
一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受
到严密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待
遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。
试卷类
别
话题 体裁 来源 词数 难
度
全国卷
Ⅰ
人与社会：竞走 说明文 The New York
Times《纽约时报》
302+98=400 中
全国卷
Ⅱ
人与自然：海狸鼠毛皮
时装环保
说明文 NPR (美国国家公共
广播电台)
329+95=424 中
全国卷
Ⅲ
人与社会：多代同住 夹叙夹
议
The Guardian《卫
报》
309+82=391 中
山东卷 人与社会：介绍一本有
关乌兹别克斯坦游记的
书
说明文 294+89=383 中
浙江卷 人与社会：挑战性工作
可能会让大脑保持敏捷
说明文 298+97=395 中
阅读理解C篇
2020-1 Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most
likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations,
race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per
hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight
per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are
uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the
ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting
the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or
experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice..
提出问题 have its own problem
分析问题
Race walkers are conditioned athletes.
Race walking is physically demanding
The sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips
解决问题 consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper
technique
2020-1 Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most
likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations,
race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per
hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight
per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are
uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the
ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting
the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or
experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice..
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
社会
短文介绍了竞
走相比跑步有
诸多的优势，
但是也有问题，
要想从事这样
运动要谨慎，
最好咨询专家
的建议。
语言
手法（对比）
问
题
解
决
型
说
明
文
_____问题
____问题
____问题
2020-1 Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most
likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations,
race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per
hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight
per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are
uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the
ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting
the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or
experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice..
• 28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?
• A. They must run long distances.
• B. They are qualified for the marathon.
• C. They have to follow special rules.
• D. They are good at swinging their legs.
• 细节理解题。根据第二段“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s
knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in
contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在
摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要
具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。
2020-1 Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most
likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations,
race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per
hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight
per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As 【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated
with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些
与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相
比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。
30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try race
walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper
technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学
习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running,
research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its
own problem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受
伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。
a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are
uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the
ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting
the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or
experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice..
29. What advantage does race walking have over running?
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s more effective in body building.
D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries
associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race
walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。
由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。
2020-1 Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most
likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations,
race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per
hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight
per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as
runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form
does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of
such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone
wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced
racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice..
• 30. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?
• A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Hving a medical checkup.
• C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises.
• 细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try
race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to
learn proper technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经
验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知选A项。
• 31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?
• A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
• 推理判断题。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with
running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It
does, however, have its own problem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很
多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者
对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。
2020-2 When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your
holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装
)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of
the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the
late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy
to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more
than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give
people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think
that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits
it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally
acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-
friendly.
呈现现象 some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are
trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸
鼠).
解释现象
It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand
that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay
hunters $5 a tail
.It’s destroying the environment.
it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has
no doubt about it
......there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion
2020-2 When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your
holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装
)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of
the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the
late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy
to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more
than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give
people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think
that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits
it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally
acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-
friendly.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
自然
介绍了美国新
奥良和布鲁克
林举办了不同
寻常的时装秀。
展出海狸鼠制
成的皮衣。海
狸鼠们每年都
在破坏大片的
湿地，因此设
计师称这是一
种环保的举措，
科学家们也对
海狸鼠损坏生
态平衡表示了
担忧。
语言
手法（对比）
现
象
呈
现
型
说
明
文
-----现象
-----现象
2020-2 When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
• 28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
• A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market.
• C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
• 推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds
crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are
destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀
上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree McCree说：“除非了解海
狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出选
A。
2020-2 When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your
holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装
)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a
tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last
month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the
late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy
to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more
than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give
people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think
that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits
it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally
acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-
friendly.
29. Why are scientists concerned about nutria?
A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B. Nutria are an endangered species.
C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.
D. Nutria are illegally hunted.
推理判断题。根据第三段Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned
that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.得知，科学家们如此担心以
至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们5美元，可以推断出科学家
们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡，故选A。
2020-2 When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your
holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装
)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of
the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria
collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy
to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more
than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give
people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think
that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits
it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally
acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-
friendly.
• 30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
• A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed.
• 词义猜测题。根据第五段The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when
the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals
multiplied like crazy. 得知，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但是当海狸鼠市
场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据but判断，这是转折关
系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由
于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词collapsed 是和D.crashed倒闭
的意思最相近。故选D。
2020-2 When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your
holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装
)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of
the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the
late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy
to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more
than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Model Paige Morgan says，”To give
people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on
them-1 think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer
Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur
for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria
fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
• 31. What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New York according to
Morgan? A. It’s formal. B. It’s risky. C. It’s harmful.
• D. It’s traditional.
• 推理判断题。根据第二段Model Paige Morgan says, “To give people a
guilt –free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on
them-I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least in New York. ”
得知，为了给人们一种无罪的选择，人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆，
我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情，根据模特摩根所说得知，在纽约穿
皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B。
2020-3 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of
isolation (孤独 ), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his
mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife
and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol- one
of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under
the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead
has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead.
Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to
live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.
Would I recommend it? Yes, 1think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates
that the numbers have been raising for some time. Official reports suggest that the
number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000
in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live
with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family
home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their
parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational
households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world. where multigenerational
living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are
expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married
呈现现象 more families are choosing to live together.---
multigenerational families
解释现象
例举Nick Brigh（英国）
...research indicates that the numbers have been raising for
some time.数字
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world.例举
2020-3 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of
isolation (孤独 ), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his
mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife
and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol- one
of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under
the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead
has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead.
Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to
live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.
Would I recommend it? Yes, 1think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates
that the numbers have been raising for some time. Official reports suggest that the
number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000
in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live
with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family
home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their
parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational
households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world. where multigenerational
living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are
expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
自然
multigeneratio
nal families
语言
手法
现
象
呈
现
型
说
明
文
-----现象
-----现象
2020-3 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of
isolation (孤独 ), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his
mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife
and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol- one
of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under
the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead
has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead.
Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to
live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.
Would I recommend it? Yes, 1think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates
that the numbers have been raising for some time. Official reports suggest that the
number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000
in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live
with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family
home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their
parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational
households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world. where multigenerational
living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are
expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married
• 28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
• A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market.
• C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
• 推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds
crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are
destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀
上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree McCree说：“除非了解海
狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出选
A。
2020-3 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of
isolation (孤独 ), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his
mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife
and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol- one
of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under
the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead
has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead.
Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to
live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.
Would I recommend it? Yes, 1think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates
that the numbers have been raising for some time. Official reports suggest that the
number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000
in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live
with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family
home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their
parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational
households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world. where multigenerational
living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are
expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married
• 28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
• A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market.
• C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
• 推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds
crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are
destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀
上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree McCree说：“除非了解海
狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出选
A。
2020-3 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of
isolation (孤独 ), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his
mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife
and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol- one
of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under
the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead
has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead.
Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to
live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.
Would I recommend it? Yes, 1think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates
that the numbers have been raising for some time. Official reports suggest that the
number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000
in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live
with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family
home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their
parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational
households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world. where multigenerational
living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are
expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married
• 28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
• A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market.
• C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
• 推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds
crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are
destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀
上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree McCree说：“除非了解海
狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出选
A。
2020-3 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of
isolation (孤独 ), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his
mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife
and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol- one
of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under
the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead
has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house," says Kathryn Whitehead.
Rita cuts in: "We spoke more with Nick because I think it's a big thing for Nick to
live with his mother-in-law."
And what does Nick think? "From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well.
Would I recommend it? Yes, 1think I would."
It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates
that the numbers have been raising for some time. Official reports suggest that the
number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000
in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live
with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family
home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their
parents, compared with 16% in 1991. The total number of all multigenerational
households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world. where multigenerational
living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are
expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married
• 28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?
• A. To promote guilt-free fur. B. To expand the fashion market.
• C. To introduce a new brand. D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
• 推理判断题。根据第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds
crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are
destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.得知，美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀
上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree McCree说：“除非了解海
狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出选
A。
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷
Ⅰ
人与自然：发光植
物可用来照明
说明文 CNN (美国有线新闻
网)
324+153=4
77
难
全国卷
Ⅱ
人与自我：我爱图
书馆
记叙文 Read Brightly (在线
阅读网站)
339+108=4
47
中
全国卷
Ⅲ
人与自然：人类的
进化
说明文 The New York
Times《纽约时报》
298+113=4
11
难
山东卷 人与社会：就餐同
伴对饮食习惯的影
响
说明文 321+111=4
32
中
浙江卷 无D篇
阅读理解D篇
2020-1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of
scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in
Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city
experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more
productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a
step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to
perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can
engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained
Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments
using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint
light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount
needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be
used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow
would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since
lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance
from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost
during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
研究发现
The connection between people and plants has long been
the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found
positive effects
研究过程
... changing the actual composition of plants in order to get
them to perform diverse，even unusual functions
... to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some
common vegetables
...hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would
last the plant’s lifetime.
研究结果或意义
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help
save energy.
2020-1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of
scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in
Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city
experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more
productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a
step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to
perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can
engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained
Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments
using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint
light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount
needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be
used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow
would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since
lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance
from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost
during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. they
get married
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
自然
文章主要说明
麻省理工学院
的工程师开发
了一种发光植
物。文章介绍
了他们发明这
种植物的过程，
以及这种植物
的一些优势，
指出在未来发
光植物有可能
取代路灯，达
到节约能源的
作用。
语言
手法（例举，
数字）
现
研
究
报
告
型
说
明
文
研究____
研究____
研究_____
2020-1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of
scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in
Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city
experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more
productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a
step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to
perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can
engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained
Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments
using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint
light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount
needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be
used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow
would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since
lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance
from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost
during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. they
get married
• 32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
• A. A new study of different plants.
• B. A big fall in crime rates.
• C. Employees from various workplaces.
• D. Benefits from green plants.
• 主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for
example ,discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.
In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their
workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行
的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工
作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨
是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。
2020-1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of
scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in
Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city
experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more
productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a
step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to
perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can
engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained
Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments
using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint
light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount
needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be
used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow
would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since
lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance
from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost
during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. they
get married
• 33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT
engineer?
• A. To detect plants’ lack of water
• B. To change compositions of plants
• C. To make the life of plants longer.
• D. To test chemicals in plants.
• 细节理解题。根据第二段中These include plants that have sensors printed on
their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect
harmful chemicals in groundwater.可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺
水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。由此可知，
麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。
2020-1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of
scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in
Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city
experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more
productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a
step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to
perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can
engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained
Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments
using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint
light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount
needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be
used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow
would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since
lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance
from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost
during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. they
get married
• 34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
• A. They will speed up energy production.
• B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
• C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
• D. They could take the place of power plants.
• 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glowing plants could reduce this distance and
therefore help save energy.可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能
源。由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。
2020-1 The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of
scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in
Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city
experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more
productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a
step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to
perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can
detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can
engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained
Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments
using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint
light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount
needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be
used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be
sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime.
The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow
would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since
lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance
from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost
during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. they
get married
• 35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
• A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
• B. How do we live with glowing plants?
• C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?
• D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
• 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total
electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the
power source-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a
remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants
could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知照明约占美国
总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，
在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。
结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了
一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，
指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知，C选项
“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。
2020-2 I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I
can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three
books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball
or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a
dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for
story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an
added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(
来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to
read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with
my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it
filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the
excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to
go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as
a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a
reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为)
and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.
Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social
media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
观点 I have a special place in my heart for libraries
记叙
as a child
My first job
As I grew older and became a mother
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries.
议论 I love that the excitement of going to the library lives
on form generation to generation.
Encourage readers to use the library.
2020-2 I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I
can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three
books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball
or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a
dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for
story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an
added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(
来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to
read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with
my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it
filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the
excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to
go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as
a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a
reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为)
and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.
Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social
media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
夹叙
夹议
人与
自我：
我爱
图书
馆
文章讲述了作
者是一个热情
的读者，孩提
时热衷读书，
第一份工作在
图书馆。有了
孩子以后，一
家人去图书馆
读书，阅读的
习惯代代传承
下去。作为小
说家，作者呼
吁其他作家支
持图书馆，宣
传图书馆。
语言
手法
夹
叙
夹
议
___
___
___
2020-2 I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I
can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three
books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball
or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a
dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for
story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an
added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(
来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to
read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with
my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it
filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the
excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to
go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as
a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a
reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为)
and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.
Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social
media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
• 32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a
child?
• A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
• 推理判断题。根据第一段的 I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes
reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and
while other kids played ball or went to parties. I lived out adventures through
the books I checked out from the library.(我一直是一个热情的读者，孩提时，有
时候每天读多达三本书。故事对我来说就像空气，而其他孩子则打球或参加聚会。
我通过从图书馆借阅来的书籍经历冒险)可推断，作者小时候与书是密不可分的。故
选C。
2020-2 I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I
can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three
books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball
or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a
dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for
story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an
added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(
来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to
read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with
my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it
filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the
excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to
go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as
a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a
reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为)
and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.
Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social
media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
• 33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3
refer to?
• A. Pleasure from working in the library.
• B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
• C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
• D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
• 词句猜测题。根据上文As I grew older and became a mother可知，我长大了成
了一位母亲，结合下文I had several children and books were our main source
(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me
to read to them(我有几个孩子，书是我们娱乐的主要来源。对于我们来说，坐上车
去当地的图书馆是件大事，在那里我的孩子们可以挑选要阅读的书或者想让我给他
们读的书)可推断，作者成了母亲以后，带着孩子去图书馆，孩子挑选书籍来阅读，
或者作者读给他们听，因此可知图书馆在作者的生活中又增添了新的意义，阅读的
乐趣在家庭中代代相传”。故选B。
2020-2 I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I
can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three
books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball
or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a
dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for
story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an
added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(
来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to
read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with
my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it
filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the
excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to
go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as
a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a
reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为)
and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.
Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social
media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
• 34. What does the author call on other writers to do?
• A. Sponsor book fairs.B. Write for social media.
• C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
• 细节理解题。根据最后一段的I think all writers should support libraries in a
significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share
library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about
them when you can.( 我认为所有的作家都应该在他们可以的时候以有意义的方式
支持图书馆。鼓励读者使用图书馆。在社交媒体上分享图书馆公告。可以的时候常
去图书馆，谈论图书馆)可知，作者呼吁其他的作家们支持图书馆。故选C。
2020-2 I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I
can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three
books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball
or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a
dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for
story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an
added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(
来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local
library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to
read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with
my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it
filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the
excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to
go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as
a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a
reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为)
and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.
Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social
media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
• 35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
• A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
• B. My Idea about writing
• C. Library: A Haven for the Young
• D. My Love of the Library
• 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，文章讲述了作者是一名热情地读者，孩提时喜欢阅读，
工作在图书馆。有了孩子以后，一家人去图书馆读书，阅读的习惯代代传承下去，
作为小说家，作者呼吁其他作家支持图书馆，宣传图书馆。因此推断全文围绕“作
者对图书馆的爱”展开讲述。故D项“我对图书馆的爱”为最佳标题。故选D。
2020-3 We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred
billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因)，they are
finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in
Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in
East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them
digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new
kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling
people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people
are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysi
a and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent
times; they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply
a stranger to the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher
who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the
Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish," We
were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local
islanders," Dr. Jubilado said,"I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of
Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have
led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, It
seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr.
Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau
dive.
说明事理 人类近期进化
... scientists are finding examples of human evolution in just the past
few thousand years
... a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation
- not to air or to food, but to the ocean.
... a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation
- not to air or to food, but to the ocean.
...a graduate student in genetics
2020-3 We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred
billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因)，they are
finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in
Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in
East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them
digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new
kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling
people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people
are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the
Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times; they've
also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to
the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies
the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the
Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish," We
were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local
islanders," Dr. Jubilado said,"I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of
Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have
led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, It
seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr.
Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau
dive.
文章
体裁
主题
语境
文章内容 文章结构 写作特点
说明
文
人与
自然：
人类
的进
化
最近一项对人
类基因的研究
发现，人类的
进化不仅仅发
生在数十亿年
前，而且最近
几千年也有。
Bajau人因为
靠海为生，他
们的身体已经
进化成更能适
应海洋生活。。
语言
手法
事
理
说
明
类
说
明
文
提出事理
分析事理
2020-3 We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred
billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因)，they are
finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in
Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in
East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them
digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new
kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling
people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people
are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the
Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times; they've
also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to
the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies
the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the
Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish," We
were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local
islanders," Dr. Jubilado said,"I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of
Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have
led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, It
seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr.
Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau
dive.
• 33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?
• A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast.
• 细节理解题。根据第二段的The Bajau, as these people are known, number in
hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They
have traditionally live on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built
houses on stilts in coastal waters.(这些人被称为Bajau，在印度尼西亚、马来西
亚和菲律宾有数十万人。他们一直住在船屋上；最近他们也把房子建在沿海水域的
吊脚楼上)可知，Bajau把房子建在沿海区域。D. Off the coast.(沿海)符合以上说
法，故选D项。
2020-3 We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred
billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因)，they are
finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in
Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in
East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them
digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new
kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling
people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people
are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the
Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times; they've
also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to
the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies
the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the
Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish," We
were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local
islanders," Dr. Jubilado said,"I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of
Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have
led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, It
seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr.
Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau
dive.
• 34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
• A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.
• C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.
• 细节理解题。根据第三段的we were so amazed that they could stay
underwater much longer than us local islanders.(我们很惊讶，他们在水下待的
时间比我们当地的岛民要长的多)可知，让Jubilado感到吃惊的是Bajau人能在水下
待更长的时间，故选C项。
2020-3 We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred
billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因)，they are
finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in
Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in
East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them
digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new
kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling
people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people
are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the
Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times; they've
also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to
the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies
the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the
Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish," We
were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local
islanders," Dr. Jubilado said,"I could see them actually walking under the sea."
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of
Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have
led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them, It
seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr.
Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau
dive.
• 35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
• A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B. Highlanders' Survival Skills
• C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research D. The World's Best Divers
• 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的On Thursday in an article
published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaption-not
to air or to food, but to the ocean.(周四，在《细胞》杂志上发表的一篇文章中，
一群研究人员报道了一种新的适应——不是空气也不是食物，而是海洋)可知，本文
主要讲述了一种新的进化，即长期生活在海边，靠海为生的生活方式，让Bajau人
的身体进化成更适应海洋生活。A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea.(身体为
适应海洋生活而重塑)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。
43
个
超
纲
派
生
词
aging是age派生词
behavioral是 behave派生词
bidder是bid派生词
onboard是 board的派生词
outbound是 bound的派生词
closely是 close派生词
consumption是 consume的派生词
datum是data的单数形式(派生词)
developmental是 develop的派生词
digitalize是 digit派生词
ecologist是 ecology的派生词
enthusiast是 enthusiastic派生词
friendliness是 friend派生
guilt是 guilty转化
honestly是 honest派生词
humor是 humorous的词根(派生词)
aspirational是 Inspire的派生词
kindly是kind的派生词
milky是milk的派生词
moveable是move派生词
renewa1是new的派生词
cooperative是 operate的派生词
patiently是 patient的派生词
picturesque是 picture和 unique的拼缀词
empower是 power的派生词
predictor是 predict的派生词
professionally是 professor同根派生词
nonprofit是 profit的派生词
raiser是 raise派生词
recording是 record的派生词
registry是 register派生词
dissatisfy是 satisfy派生词
secretly是 secret的派生词
selection是 select派生词
sensor是 sense派生词
soften是soft的派生词
speechless是 speech的派生词
suitably是suit的派生词
suspicion是 suspect的派生词
terribly是 terrible派生词
treasury是 treasure的派生词
victorian是 victoria派生词
wonderment是 wonder派生词
词汇
0
4
2020年全国3套试卷中出现的人名、地名等专有名词
Tunisia n. 突尼斯, 北非国家
Tunisian n. 突尼斯人adj.突尼斯的, 突尼斯人的
Turin 都灵[意大利西北部城市] 即托里诺
Anzac 澳洲 新西兰军团之士兵 Anzac n. 澳新军团
士兵 澳新军团
Berber n. 北非 柏柏尔人, 柏柏尔语 adj.柏柏尔人的
Edmond n. 埃德蒙 亦作Edmund
Ethiopian adj. 埃塞俄比亚的 黑人的 n.埃塞俄比亚人
黑人
Evan n. 埃文
Foss n. 福斯（人名）
Melissa n. 梅利莎 n.[植]蜜蜂花
Numidian adj. 北非古国, 努米底亚[人 语]的
Rodney n. 流浪者, 游民, Rodney 罗德尼, 男子
名
Youngstown 扬斯敦[美国俄亥俄州东北部城市]
Provence n. 普罗旺斯, 法国东南部一地
区
Queensland 昆士兰州[澳大利亚州名]
Bristol n. 布里斯托尔 ,英国西部的港
口
Broadway n. 纵贯纽约市的大街道, 百老
汇
Carlisle 卡莱尔[英国英格兰西北部城
市] 坎布里亚郡首府
Chang’e n. 嫦娥（4号）
Grasmere 格拉斯米尔, 英格兰坎布里
亚郡格拉斯米尔湖畔一村庄
Kendal n. 英国,肯德尔耳绿色粗呢 ,
肯德尔绿
Mike n. 麦克风, 微克 ,Mike 迈克
男子名
Salem n. 塞伦
Thorp n. 村庄, 小乡镇
•合成专有名词 2020年高考真题中，以下这些词与另一个词搭配，形成一个专有名词
。Varsity n. 大学运动代表队, 大学 adj. 大学代表队的
Prof n. = professor 教授
Abbot n. 修道院, 修道士的总称
Aitken 艾特肯
Fortitude n. 坚韧
Plum n. [植] 李子;梅花
Righteous adj. 正直的, 正当的, 正义的
Bulla n. 垂饰, 教皇之印玺
Carle n. .乡下人, 老粗
Covent n. 女修道院
Hangzhou 杭州
Marmalade n. 橘子或柠檬等水果制成的果酱
Mediaeval adj. 中古的, 中世纪的
Twilight n. 黎明, 微光, 略知 adj.微明的, 黄昏的, 黎明的, 模糊的
2020年全国3套试卷中的缩略语
Euro adj.= European n.欧元
Oct n.十月 October
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology
美国麻省理工学院
Mon n. 星期一 =Monday
Auto n.（自动化）汽车
Tech n. 工学院, 技术学院 =Technical College
Nov n.十一月 =November
Tai n. & adj.(=Thai) a. 泰国的；泰国人的；n. 泰国人
有汉字注释的超纲词汇，2020年高
考真题中出现了9个：
nutria n. 海狸鼠, 其毛皮
haven n. 港口, 避难所
stilt n. 高跷, 支柱, 脚柱 vt. 使踏上高跷
compassionat
e adj. 富于同情心的
crater n. 弹坑；环形山
havoc n. 大破坏 浩劫 vt.严重破坏
mutation n. 变化, 转变 , 生物物种的突变
ramble v. 漫游 n. 漫游
rotate v. 使旋转 v. 旋转, 翻转
infer v. 推断
calorie n. 卡路里（能量）
hundreds n. 数百
lunar adj. 月的, 月亮的
thousands n. 数千
thousandth adj. 第一千的, 千分之一的
ticker n. 滴答响的东西；[无]断续器
millions n. 数百万
2020年出现8个纯粹要猜测的超纲词汇
0
4
2 阅读七选五
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：接受
自我
说明文 Huffpost （赫芬顿
邮报）
240+34=27
4
中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：表情
符号
说明文 Adweek
《广告周刊》
211+71=28
2
中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：乔迁
派对
说明文 ESL FAST加拿大
英语学习资源搜索
网站
243+79=32
2
易
山东卷 人与自我：当众
演讲的四个建议
说明文 235+65=30
0
中
浙江卷 人与自我：克服
孤独
记叙文 254+53=30
7
中
2020-1A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of
reach. ___36___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow
them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than
theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings,
our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than
getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有
同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look
at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job,
earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put
into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back
to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.
See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
• 说明文 人与自我：接受自我
• 36根据题目A Few Tips for Se lf-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful of
ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的
方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境，故
选B项。
• 37根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because
your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the
only one in this world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有
力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)可知，本
段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独
一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比
较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
• 【38 根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原
谅自己所犯的错误。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again.
(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)可知，选项D. Remember, you are only human.(记
住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
• 39 根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a
job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你
有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nothing is too small
to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好，故选C项。
• 【40题 结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel
good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你
觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)和下文
的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.
See how awesome you are? (翻到你日记本上记下你的有点和成就的那页。看到
你有多棒了吗？)可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)
最合上下文语境，故选A项。
2020-2Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at
work and play. ___36___. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western
countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and
feeling, keeping intention clear. ___37___, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common
ground in communication style can be a challenge. ___38___. While the younger generations
prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may
feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the
effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined
an entire day? ___39___. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note
can be softened with an encouraging smile.
___40___, and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees
begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded
in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
• 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
• 【36】根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users
in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅
速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It\\\'s been reported that
76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at
work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句
都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these
platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。
故选D。
• 【37题 根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention
clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句
“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交
流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis
feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
• 【38题详解】
• 根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and
beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在
任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一
项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”
与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
• 【39题详解】
• 根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire
day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里
陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and
unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。
• 【40题详解】
• 根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情
符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好
处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a
happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。
2020-3 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or
moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is
the one who throws the party, The party is a chance for friends and family to
congratulate the person on the new home. _ 36 And it is a good time to fil the new
space with love and hopefully presents.
37 _ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a
local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include
kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a good
housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a
plant.
38 _ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food
served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.
The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of
their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a
person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. _ 39
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people
would actually bring firewood to a new house as a gift. 40 Now most homes have
central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn't usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe
place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks
like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get
together
G This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the
winter.
• 本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
• 【36题详解】
• 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person
on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜
的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill
the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼
物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给
了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目
的，故选E。
• 【37题详解】
• 下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen
tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举
了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和
参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，
引出下文，故选B。
• 【38题详解】
• 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a
housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因
为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛
的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客
人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上
食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
• 【39题详解】
• 本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔
迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识
可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此
意，与上文衔接，故选A。
• 【40题详解】
• 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.
可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：
这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难
度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：父母是否
应对孩子撒谎及其影
响
夹叙夹
议
Ayapasuprep(一本
书)
232+80=312 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：两幅画的
真相
记叙文 Yahoo News (雅虎
新闻》
The Daily Beast
《每日野兽》
277+80=357 易
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：换位思考 夹叙夹
议
247+80=324 易
山东卷 人与自然：改善环境 记叙文 223+60=283 易
浙江卷 人与社会：一次意外
遭遇
记叙文 270+80=350 中
3. 完形填空 选材
选材特点：选材面广 内容丰富
全国卷I 全国卷II 全国卷III
完 形 说明文：非洲乞力马扎
罗的环境污染整治问题
记叙文：帮助迷路
的狗返回家园
说明文：高科技使
得峡谷底见天日
1）所选语篇尽量与中学生或青少年的学习和生活有直接关联，如：政府及相
关部门如何帮助学生和年轻人在暑期就业或创业、如何帮助英语学习者树立自
信心、个体受欢迎程度对青少年成长的影响、中学生参与科学探究、动机与目
标设定；
2）所选语篇符合中学生的知识和经验水平，能够帮助中学生获得新的知识或
经验，如：一项新的网络空间安全技术、新鲜空气对健康的益处、家长志愿者
参与社区活动意义、在线修读课程时如何与教授建立良好的沟通；非洲乞力马
扎罗的环境污染整治问题
3）所选语篇体裁多样（以往的高考试题采用的故事和叙述类语篇较多），且
结构相对完整（以往试题采用的节选语篇偏多），有利于给学生带来更加接近
真实的阅读体验。
CLOZE
词义理解 阅读能力
逻辑思维 判断推理
完形填空
03
选项用词特点：初中（基础/核心）词汇占多数
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the
value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that
year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 ,the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that
it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the
animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow
there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling (幼树）a bamboo
platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落）on the plants
below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1, 360 acres of naturally-grown land that has
become home to many plants and animals.
21. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice
22. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge
23. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward
24. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage
25. A. Besides B. However C. There D. Otherwise
26. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted
27. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust
28. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter
29. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance
30. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed
31. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding
32. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial
33. A. back B. top C. foot D. side
34. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect
35. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued
词汇
2020-1 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling
them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The __41_ is obvious. If we
__42__ it is a door, they’ll want to go outside __43__. It will drive us crazy. The
kids apparently know the __44__. But our insisting it’s __45__ a window has kept
them from __46__ millions of requests to open the door.
I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll __47__ and discover that everything they’ve
always known about windows is a __48__.I wonder if __49_ should always tell the
truth no matter the __50__. I have a very strong _51__that the lie we’re telling is
doing __52__ damage to our children. Windows and doors have __53_
metaphorical(比喻) meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely
know is a door. What if later in __54__ they come to a metaphorical door, like an
opportunity(机会) of some sort, and __55___ opening the door and taking the
opportunity, they just __56__ it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂ That is, ＂
What if it isn’t a __57_ opportunity?＂
Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the __58__ is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I
should just __59__ repeatedly having to say, ＂No. We can’t go outside now.＂
Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t
___60__ to open them and walk through.
41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case
42. A. admit B. believe C. mean D. realize
43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually
44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth
45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly
46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting
47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out
48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact
49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers
50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences
51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt
52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral
53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original
54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history
55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
57. A. real B. Typical C. similar D. limited
58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret
59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept
60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend
• 【46题】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们
无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。A. reviewing回顾；B. approving赞成；C. receiving
收到；D. attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是
想尝试打开门。故选D。
• 【47题】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以
来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. win out最后获得成功；B. give
up放弃；C. wake up开始了解真相；D. stand out站出来。根据and discover that
everything they've always known about windows is a 48.可知有一天，孩子们会开
始了解真相。故选C。
• 【48题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以
来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。A. dream梦想；B. lie谎言；C.
fantasy幻想；D. fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成
窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。故选B。
• 【49题 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。A.
parents父母；B. twins双胞胎；C. colleagues同事；D. teachers老师。根据下文to
our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。故选A。
• 【50题】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。
A. restrictions限制；B. explanations解释；C. differences差异；D. consequences
结果。根据they'll want to go outside_43.可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开
门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。故选D。
• 【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言
会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. demand要求；B. fear害怕；C. desire欲望；D.
doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和
Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。故选B。
• 【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎
言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。A. physical身体的；B biological生物的；C.
spiritual心灵的；D. behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会
时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。故选C。
• 【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。A. traditional
传统的；B. important重要的；C. double双重的；D. original原来的。下文说假如他们
将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，
而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比
喻意义是非常重要的。故选B。
• 【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎
么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不
是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. life生活；B. time时间；C. reply回答；D. history历史。
根据Then when they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的
门。故选A。
• 【55题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，
就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇
门，将会怎么样”。A. by comparison with与……相比；B. in addition to除……之外；
C. regardless of不管；D. instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活
中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。故选D。
• 【56题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将
会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道
“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。A. get hold of抓住；B. stare at凝视；C.
knock on敲击（门、窗）；D. make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住
它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。故选B。
• 【57题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，
将会怎么样？A. real真的；B. typical典型的；C. similar相似的；D. limited有限的。
孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。故选A。
• 【58题详解】考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们
撒谎。A safety rule安全守则；B. comfort zone舒适带; C. bottom line底线；D.
top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。故选C。
• 【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现
在不能去外面。”A. delay推迟；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy享受；D. accept接受。
当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这
是一个现实，我只能接受。故选D。
• 【60题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，或
真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。A. hurry匆忙；B. decide
决定；C. hesitate犹豫；D. intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子
们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。故选C。
• 2020-2 It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot
be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at
a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction（拍卖）”
43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest
bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought
would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until
Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
• When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He
hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had
49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one
with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he
thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard," a French 52 he had never
heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard
sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
• "That’s the garden in our picture,"Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that
the painting they 56 was called "The Girl with Two Chairs." They 57 the other
painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table
with a Small Dog." The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official
confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.
41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted
42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried
43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run
44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden
45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real
46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargain
47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought
48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved
49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led
50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natual
51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed
52. A. painter B. designer C. author D. actor
53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D. ready
54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden
55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily
56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole
57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied
58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D. specifically
59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police
60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents
【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，
他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；
C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because of Italy\\\'s privacy可知此
处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。
【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，
他的真实名字因为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；
C. considered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise on a June
morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。
【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这
个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A.
attended参加；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍
卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。
【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这
个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A.
shown展示；B. found发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指
拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。
【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两
幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟
悉的；C. useful有用的；D. real真的。根据下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46
until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐
桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。
【【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo
最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C.
discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bidder
可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。
【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅
画。A. held拿着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文
的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。
【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是
他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。
根据上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。
【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那
幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C.
taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选
C项。
【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，
他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B.
unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was
signed Bonnato or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉
得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。
【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他
仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A.
appreciated 欣赏；B. touched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据
下文的he only found Bonnard'可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。
【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他
仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；
B. designer设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor演员。根据下文的a picture of the
artist Pierre Bonnar d可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。
【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅
艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A.
expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据
下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father\\\'s painting可知此处
用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。
【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺
术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A.
room房间；B. kitchen餐厅；C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young
girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故
选D项。
【55题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把
椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D.
temporary暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of
the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father\\\'s
painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一
副画的名字，故选C项。
【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把
椅子的女孩”。A. owned拥有；B. borrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的
Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们
拥有它，故选A项。
【57题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul
Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；
B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it
可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。
【58题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul
Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably适合地；
B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是
指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。
【59题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些
画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D.
police警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部
打电话，故选C项。
【60题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些
画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模
型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画
家的原版，故选B项。
• 2020-3 As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like
anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. They'll come
rushing in， 42 their handbag's been stolen. They'll 43 that they left it in the
changing room, create havoc(混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the
time. They'll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you don't
have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to
persuade them to keep 47 .
• I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was
49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a
"regular". After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She
had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 and since
she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on 53 people.
• That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the
market. Don't take it 56. If a customer is rude or difficult, just think "Maybe she's
had a row with her husband. Maybe her child's not 57 .” Always water it down
and don't let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won't be able to 59 it and the
whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyone's day.
41. A. shopkeepersB. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious aboutB. displeased withC. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51.A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. Trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57.A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B.in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
• 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，
而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后
顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让
作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当
事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
• 【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会
让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员；D.
receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意
人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。
• 【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A.
saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their
handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。
• 【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞
得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C.
imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在
了更衣室里。故选D。
• 【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞
得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C.
discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知
顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。
• 【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种
你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所
有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选
项不符合语境。故选D。
• 【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要
一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C.
matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left
in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）
没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。
• 【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他
们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改
变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然
店员会很沮丧，“但是”一词边是转折，与“沮丧”一词情感色彩相反，结合选项，
B项“微笑”符合句意。故选B。
• 【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的
第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；
D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不
满，很难缠。故选D。
• 【49题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，
令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased
with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能
肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。
• 【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对，
令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；
C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事
都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。
• 【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A.
searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始
很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。
apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。
• 【52题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在
一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；
B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She
had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和
丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。
• 【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住
在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B.
such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it
too much to cope with, she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定
把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。
• 【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了
在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸
易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。
• 【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了
在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。
结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。
• 【56题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly
秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我
妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it
personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。
• 【57题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；
B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with
her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。
• 【58题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。
A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D.
above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不
好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。
• 【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个
事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；
C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的
顾客的问题。故选C。
• 【60题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个
事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；
C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an
unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了
每一个人的一天。故选A。
0
5
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自然：嫦娥四号无
人探测器在月球表面成
功着陆
说明文 Xinhuanet (新华网) 191 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：中国春节装
饰品
说明文 China-Family-
Adventure
191 中
全国卷Ⅲ 人与自然：中国古代画
家找寻地球上最伟大的
艺术家——大自然
记叙文 Heading Forest 220 中
山东卷 人与社会：博物馆 说明文 203 中
浙江卷 人与自然：人类史上农
业的发展
说明文 175 中
4 语法填空
2020新高考语法填空Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g.
stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries,
36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical
objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home
until it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given
to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans
Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the
British Museum 39 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call)
galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum’s
collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or
used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot
of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play
with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42 (they)
living at a different time in history or 43 (walk) through a
rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking
settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights,
sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate)
is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete
45 people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange
special activities for children.
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as
Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61 they range all the
way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure
out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied;
however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since
the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent
years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around
human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists
have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around
human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than
they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are
declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
that
poorly
of
to perform
have reported
belief
noting
higher
the
are
2019年语篇填空 同位语从句
超纲的暗示——课标重于考纲
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
2021届高考英语一轮复习备考
0
5
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与自我：第一次做西红柿
炒鸡蛋
记叙文 113 中
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：与外国朋友一起
习武
应用文 99 易
全国卷Ⅲ 人与自我：母亲关注家人健
康，为家人制作健康饮食
记叙文 102 易
山东卷 无
浙江卷 无
5. 短文改错
0
5
01
03
词法知识
10大词类以及句子成分
语法分析能力
分析句子成分和各种句法关系
02
04
句法知识
简单句、并列句和复合句以及句子
类型等
听力和阅读需要分析语法来理解，
说和写需要正确运用语法规则
0
6
6、 书面表达
写作能力要求处理信息能力（信息组合、排列合理 ）
语用能力（选词恰当、语体正确）
表达能力（语法正确；句式灵活；信息内
容表达准确、完整；语篇连贯）
语言知识
词汇和语法知识等
思维能力
审题、构思和布局等
语用知识
用词得当、语体准确
语言能力
表达能力
02 0401 03
写作
写作是四项语言技能中不可分割的一个重要部分，更是语言生成能力的重
要表现形式。该部分要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。考生应能：
(1) 准确使用语法和词汇
语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面，因为它直接
或问接地影响到信息的准确传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确
程度是写作部分评分标准中的一项重要内容。
(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思
任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，作者应该围绕该主题，借助一
些句型、词组等的支持，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。
考试评价体系的新要求：
书面和口语表达是跨文化交际中需要用到的能力。书面表达包
含内容、词汇语法、篇章结构和写作规范,反映这4个要素的英语
科书面表达能力应具有以下特征:
1) 内容完整并且清楚、合理,逻辑性强,符合写作目的与情境;
2) 词汇和语法结构多样并且使用准确、恰当;
3) 整体结构清晰,句间和段间衔接有效,意义连贯;
4) 单词拼写正确,标点、大小写等符合规范。
----（陈 康 吴泓霖 李新煜 乔辉 基于高考评价体系的英语科考试内容改革实施路径，2019）
卷别 体裁 命题形式 话题
2018(Ⅰ) 建议信 提纲式（回） 就中国餐桌礼仪回复对方的询问
2018(Ⅱ) 通知 提纲式 英文短片放映通知
2018(Ⅲ) 介绍 提纲式（回） 向英国朋友介绍你校体育运动情况
2017(Ⅰ) 告知信 提纲式（回） 告知外国朋友下一次汉语课的计划
2017(Ⅱ) 邀请信 提纲式 邀请外教参加中国剪纸艺术展
2017(Ⅲ) 邀请信 提纲式 邀请留学生朋友加入校乒乓球队
2016(Ⅰ) 求助信 提纲式 请求外教修改申请书和简历
2016(Ⅱ) 邀请信 提纲式 邀请英国朋友参加国际中学生摄影展
2016(Ⅲ) 道歉信 提纲式 因故不能赴约给好友写道歉信
2015(Ⅰ) 约稿信 提纲式 请美国朋友为校报写稿
2015(Ⅱ) 邀请信 提纲式 邀请外教一起去敬老院陪老人过重阳节
2014(Ⅰ) 咨询信 图表式 咨询英国某暑期学习班的详细情况
2014(Ⅱ) 记叙文 提纲式 畅想十年后的我
2013(Ⅰ) 求助信 提纲式 请笔友到机场接叔叔
2013(Ⅱ) 求助信 提纲式 请朋友帮自己代卖中国结
2012(Ⅰ) 申请信 提纲式 申请加入一个国际中学生组织的夏令营
2012(Ⅱ) 邀请信 提纲式 邀请外教参加小明的生日聚会
12年—18年英语高考全国卷书面表达考查情况一览表
卷别 语用目的 语用对象 文体形式 提示类型
2019·全国卷Ⅰ 申请做中国画展览的志愿者 当地美术馆负责人 申请信 提纲式半开放
2019·全国卷Ⅱ 告知队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛 队友Chris 告知信 提纲式半开放
2019·全国卷Ⅲ 邀请英国朋友Allen参加学校音乐节 英国朋友Allen 邀请信 提纲式半开放
2018·全国卷Ⅰ Terry向李华询问中国做客习俗 新西兰朋友Terry 介绍类书信 提纲式半开放
2018·全国卷Ⅱ 写一则观影通知 校宣传栏“英语天地” 书面通知 提纲式半开放
2018·全国卷Ⅲ 英国朋友Peter询问学生体育运动情况 英国朋友Peter 介绍类书信 提纲式半开放
2017·全国卷Ⅰ 通知英国朋友Leslie下次上课的计划 英国朋友Leslie 告知信 提纲式半开放
2017·全国卷Ⅱ 邀请外教Henry参观剪纸艺术展 外教Henry 邀请信 提纲式半开放
2017·全国卷Ⅲ 邀请留学生朋友Eric加入校乒乓球队 留学生朋友Eric 邀请信 提纲式半开放
2017年—2019年英语高考全国卷书面表达考查情况一览表
2020高考书面表达
试卷类别 话题 体裁 来源 词数 难度
全国卷Ⅰ 人与社会：介绍身边值得尊敬
和爱戴的人
人物介绍 原创 100词左右 难
全国卷Ⅱ 人与社会：周末去农场采摘 记叙文 原创 100词左右 难
全国卷Ⅲ 人与社会：求助信 应用文 原创 100词左右 难
山东卷 人与自我：5公里越野赛
人与社会：帮助贫困家庭（读
后续写）
应用文
记叙文
应用文
原创
80词左右
150词左右
易
难
浙江卷 人与社会：写信给生病的老师
人与自然：遭遇北极熊（读
后续写）
慰问信
记叙文
应用文
原创
80词左右
150词左右
易
难
全国卷写作的基本特征
1.尽量为考生创设使用英语写作的真实语境。
2. 话题任务不会超出中学生“李华”的认
知水平。
3. 题目设计留出一定“开放”性表达的空
间。
二、解读新高考试题
三、创新高考备考范式
基于教育新态势的2021年高考英语备考范式创新
5/4/20215/4/20212021-5-4
（二）文本解读贰
（一）整合素材壹
创新高考备考范式
（三） 高效诊断叁
（四）实验提升肆
（一）整合教材（话题、词汇、写作、阅读、完形）
Unit 1 Friendship 直接\间接引语：陈述句和疑问句
Unit 2 English around the world 直接|间接引语：要求和命令
Unit3 Travel journal 现在进行时态表将来
Unit 4 Earthquakes That|which|who|whose引导的定语
从句
Unit 5 Nelson mandela-a modern
hero
Where\when\why\prep+which|who
m引导的定语从句
Unit 1 Women of achievement 主谓一致
Unit 2 Working the land -ing形式作主语宾语
Unit 3 A taste of English humor -ing形式作表语定语
宾补
Unit 4 Body language -ing形式作定语状语
Unit 5 Theme parks 合成 派生 转化
Unit 1 Great scientists 过去分词作定语表语
Unit 2 The united kingdom 过去分词作宾补
Unit 3 Life in the future 过去分词作状语定语
Unit 4 Making the news 倒装
Unit 5 First aid 省略
Unit 1 Art 虚拟语气
Unit 2 Poems 虚拟语气
Unit 3 A healthy life It
Unit 4 Global warming It
Unit 5 The power of nature -ing形式
Unit 1 Living well 动词不定式
Unit 2 Robots 被动语态及动词不定式的被动
形式
Unit 3 Under the sea 被动语态及-ing形式被动语态
Unit 4 Sharing 限制性定语从句
Unit 5 Traveling abroad 非限制性定语从句
Language and culture
Unit 2 Book1 English around the world
Unit3 Book1 Travel journal
Unit 1 Book2 Cultural relics
Unit 5 Book4 Theme parks
Unit 1 Book3 Festivals around the world
Literature and art
Unit 5 Book2 Music
Unit 1 Book6 Art
Unit 2 Book6 Poems
Unit3 Book3 The million pound bank note
Unit 4 Book8 Pygmalion
Unit 2 Book2 The Olympic Games
• Geography and history
• Unit 5 Book8 Meeting your ancestors
• Unit 2 Book5 The united kingdom
• Unit 5 Book3 Canada-the true north
• Unit 1 Book8 A land of diversity
• Famous people
• Unit 5 Book1 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero
• Unit 1 Book4 Women of achievement
• Unit 2 Book4 Working the land
• Unit3 Book4 A taste of English humor
• Unit 1 Book5 Great scientists
Personal relations
Unit 1 Book1 Friendship
Unit 4 Book4 Body language
Unit 4 Book7 Sharing
Unit 5 Book7 Traveling abroad
Nature and environment
Unit 4 Book1 Earthquakes
Unit 4 Book6 Global warming
Unit 5 Book6 The power of nature
Unit 4 Book2 Wildlife protection
Unit 4 Book3 Astronomy: the science of stars
Unit3 Book7 Under the sea
Health and life
Unit 2 Book3 Healthy eating
Unit 5 Book5 First aid
Unit3 Book6 A healthy life
Unit 1 Book7 Living well
Science and inventions
Unit3 Book2 Computers
Unit3 Book5 Life in the future
Unit 4 Book5 Making the news
Unit 2 Book7 Robots
Unit 2 Book8 Cloning
Unit3 Book8 Inventors and inventions
（一）整合教材
主题语境 主题语
境群
对应教
材单元
阅读 写作 听说
人与自然
人与社会
人与自我
主题
语境
主题语
境群
对应教材单元 词汇 阅读 写作
人
与
自
我
Unit 1 Book1 Friendship
Unit3 Book1 Travel journa
lUnit 5 Book7 Traveling abroad
Unit 2 Book3 Healthy eating
Unit3 Book6 A healthy life
Unit 1 Book7 Living well
Unit 4 Book7 Sharing
Unit 5 Book5 First aid
主题
语境
主题语境
群
对应教材单元 词
汇
阅
读
写
作
人
与
社
会
主
题
语
境
主题
语境
群
对应教材单元 词汇 阅读 写作
人
与
自
然
教材词汇 听力词汇
核心词汇 阅读词汇
阅读词汇（话题词汇） 完形词汇
词根词汇 写作词汇
词汇的深度
词汇的广度
词汇的速度
词汇的维度
* 普通高中英语课程是高中阶段全面贯彻党的教育方针、
落实立德树人根本任务、发展英语学科核心素养、培养社会
主义建设者和接班人的基础文化课程。
* 普通高中英语课程强调对学生语言能力，文化意识，思
维品质和学习能力的综合培养，具有工具性和人文性融合统
一的特点。
为什么要进行文本解读？
（二）基于文本的高考试题解读
• 语篇类型: 记叙文、说明文、应用文等不同的文体类
型，以及口头、书面等多模态形式的语篇，如文字、
图示、歌曲、音频、视频。
•解读语篇的思维模式
•解读语篇的信息逻辑
•文化背景
•情感体验
•批判性思维
如何进行文本解读 ？
•What 语篇的主题和内容是什么?
•Why 语篇的深层涵义是什么?
•How 语篇具有什么样的文体特征、内容结构和语
言特点? 作者为了恰当表达主题意义选择了什么
样的文体形式、语篇结构和修辞手段?
高考真题四大作用：
1、突破重点内容
2、检验学习效果
3、把握命题思路
4、提高实战经验
3 巧用真题
如何利用
• 一轮：认知高考真题、熟悉高考题的命题风格，具体可以总结哪些类型的
题目经常出现在高考中，近三年的高考题有哪些相似之处，从这些高考试
题中寻找高考出题的风格。其实对于真题，最重要的是去研究、去体会，
做多少题、做多少次并不是重点，
• 二轮查漏补缺，系统检验复习效果
• 三轮体会解题思路更重要，进行高考演练，积累实战经验。
1、按年份做真题套卷
现在做真题主要是提前体验考试氛围，找一找考试的感觉。因此最好拿某一年某个
科目的一套高考卷进行训练，以便能全方位感受考试情景。一般来说，近五年之内
的真题基本涵盖了高考98%以上的知识点和考试信息，可以起到很好的查漏补缺效
果。
2、每份卷子至少做2遍
第一遍做真题时，先按照高考时间要求，完全模拟考试的真实氛围，培养自己在该
时间段内对指定科目的做题感觉，提高实战水平。答完之后，做好考后试卷分析，
对错题分析错因，对难题归纳总结。
在第二遍做题时，可以适当地减少20-30分钟的答题时间，有意识地培养自己的答
题速度，以便在考场上能达到速度和准确率的完美平衡。对完答案后，再次出错的
部分就是自己容易混淆的部分，需要下功夫攻克一下。
显著特点：一是内容新、题材广，多为读者喜闻乐见的新闻时事，
包括新闻事件，新闻人物，科学新发现、新进展以及新技术在日
常生活中的应用等；
二是语言质量高，多是出自著名媒体撰稿人之手，改编者也是英
语功底深厚的中国高校英语专家；
三是语篇类型（以下简称“语类”）丰富，有新闻类、广告类、
说明类、议论类、故事类、建议类和指令类等。
创新利用 高考阅读理解语篇
阅读理解满分策略
• 阅读理解
5/4/20215/4/20212021-5-4
（二）文本解读
贰
（一）整合素材壹
创新高考备考范式
（三） 高效诊断
四
叁
（四） 实验提升
（三） 高效诊断
1 学习习惯
诊断
2 考试试卷
诊断 3 巧用真题
1 学习习惯诊断
笔记 复习 词汇 作业 积累 纠错 效率
2 考试试卷诊断
心理 速度 考试
技巧
难点
纠因
失分
纠因
专题解
题技巧
规范答
题
5/4/20215/4/20212021-5-4
（二）文本解读
贰
（一）整合素材壹
创新高考备考范式
（三） 高效诊断
四
叁
（四） 实验提升
（四）实验提升
完形填空 阅读理解 二卷
二、解读新高考试题
基于教育新态势的2021年高考英语备考范式创新
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