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2021 届高考英语二轮复习：高三英语词汇素材（核心短语）积累与学习（十）
（一）
1、see( to it) that 注意，留心
You must see to it that the gas is safely shut before you leave the house.
离开房子前注意关好煤气。
2、seek after/for 寻求，追求
We shouldn’t seek after comfort, personal fame, or gain.
我们不应该贪图安逸, 追名逐利。
3、send for 派人去叫，派人去请
The child is running a high fever. We must send for a doctor at once.
孩子在发高烧。我们必须马上派人去请医生。
4、send off
1） 为……送行
There was a large crowd to send him off.
一大群人为他送行。
2） 寄出；发出
Why haven’t you got my letter? I sent it off last week.
你为什么还没有收到我的信?我上星期就寄出去了。
3） 派往; 运出
His teacher sent him off to the principal’s office.
他的老师派他到校长室去。
5、serve as 充当，担任
The general had served as a soldier in the earlier war.
在早期的战争中，这位将军曾当过士兵。
6、set about 开始做(某事)
We set about our task at once with great enthusiasm.
我们立刻兴致勃勃地干起来。
7、set apart 分开放，隔离开
He was set apart because he suffered an infectious disease.
他被隔离开了，因为他得了传染病。
8、set aside
1） 留出，拨出(时间、金钱等)
I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercises.
我每天尽量腾出一些时间锻炼一下身体.
2） 把……置于一旁，不理会
Let’s set aside all formality.
这些客套咱们都不要讲了。
9、set down
1） (使)放下， (使)坐下
He set me down in a comfortable chair.
他让我坐在一张舒适的椅子里。
2） 制定，确定
It is necessary to set down these additional rules.
有必要制定这些补充规则。
10、set forth 阐明，陈述
As set forth, he was a changed man from that moment.
如前所述，自那时起他就变成了另外一个人。
（二）
1、set off/out 出发，启程
That morning a new ship set out / off for London on its first trip.
那天早晨，有一艘新轮船首航去伦敦。
2、set up 建立，创立，竖立
Plenty of foreign firms have set up factories here.
很多外国公司已在这里开办工厂。
3、settle down
1） 定居
He should get a house and settle down.
他应该买幢房子安定下来。
2） 安下心来
I must settle down this morning and finish the term paper.
我今天上午必须安下心来完成学期论文。
4、shake off
1） 抖掉，甩掉，摇晃掉
He stamped his feet to shake off the snow from his boots.
他顿脚以便抖落皮靴上的雪。
2） 逃脱，摆脱
We managed to shake off our pursuers in the crowd.
我们设法在人群中摆脱了跟踪者。
5、show off 炫耀，卖弄
He wrote in that style just to show off.
这种文体写文章，完全是为了卖弄文采。
6、show up 揭露，露出，露面
Billy had been fasting against Cooper for three days before the debtor showed up.
比利为索债在珀门前静坐绝食三天，欠债人库珀才露面。
7、shut down 关闭
The shop has shut down because of lack of trade.
那商店因生意萧条而停业。
8、shut off 停止，关掉
We shut off the motor before we left the workshop.
我们离开车间以前把马达关掉了。
9、shut up
1） 安静，闭嘴
I wish she would shut up!
她要是安静下来该多好!
2） 关严
I shut my office up and went for lunch.
我把办公室的门窗关好了就去吃午饭。
10、side by side
1） 肩并肩地，一起
The two children are walking side by side.
那两个孩子肩并肩地走着。
2） 相互支持
We must stand side by side in this trouble and help each other.
在这困难时刻我们必须团结一致，互相帮助。
（三）
1、sit/stay up
1） 悬在原位上
These sticks are not strong enough to stay up.
这些棍子不够结实，撑不住屋顶。
2） 不睡觉，熬夜
I want to stay up tonight and watch the late show.
今晚我不想睡觉，等着看深夜电视节目。
3） 不掉
He has to wear a belt to make his trousers stay up.
他不得不系上腰带才能使裤子不掉下来。
2、slow down/up
1） (使)慢下来
The machine slowed down/up and stopped.
机器逐渐减慢了转速, 终于停住了。
2） (使)生产缓慢，(使)变得迟钝
Business slows down/up in summer.
夏季生意清淡。
3、so as to 为了……
The test questions are kept secret so as to prevent cheating.
考试题保密以防作弊。
4、so far 迄今为止
The scientist is doing experiments no one has so far attempted.
科学家们正在作一项迄今为止没人做过的实验。
5、so far as……be concerned 就……而论
So far as the modern monuments of new Paris are concerned, we would gladly be excused from
mentioning them.
至于新巴黎的现代建筑物，我们有意略去不谈。
6、so long as 只要
You will never be good students so long as you goof around.
如果你们成天游手好闲，就永远也成不了好学生。
7、sooner or later 迟早
He cheated Underwood and Underwood threatened to pay him back sooner or later.
他欺骗了安德伍德，安德伍德扬言迟早要对他进行报复。
8、spring up
1）跳起；跃起
In spite of his burns, he sprang up and rushed towards the fighting.
他不顾周身的灼伤，一跃而起，向激战的地方冲去。
2） 迅速成长
The boy has really sprung up this summer; I hardly recognized him.
这孩子今年夏天长得真快，我几乎认不出他来了。
9、speak of 谈到，讲到
They spoke of the old days on the campus.
他们谈起昔日的校园生活。
10、speak out 毫无保留地说出
If you have any objections, just speak out.
如果你有什么反对意见, 就爽快地说出来。
(四)
1、stand by
1）站在旁边；袖手旁观
There were several people standing by when the accident happened.
事故发生的时候有好几个人在场。
2）支持，支援
We’ll stand by you through thick and thin.
不管多么艰难困苦, 我们都要支持你们。
3） 信守诺言
My teacher is a man who stands by his promises.
我的老师是一位信守诺言的人。
2、stand for
1） 代表，表示
UN stands for the United Nations.
UN 是联合国的缩写。
2）〈口〉容忍，容许
I will not stand for behavior of that kind in my house.
在我的家里我不会容许那种行为。
3、stand out
1） 突出；显眼，引人注目
The stonework stands out from the rest of the wall.
墙上的石工部分突出。
2）超群，杰出
She stands out as the best in the class.
她是全班最杰出的学生。
4、stand up for/to 支持，坚持，拥护
We stand up for the cause of liberty and justice.
我们拥护自由和正义。
5、step up/down
1） step up 提高，加快
I hope you try to get them to step up production.
希望你们尽力使厂家增加生产。
2）step down 退休, 辞职
The manager had to step down on account of poor health.
那位经理由于身体不好, 只能辞职不干。
6、stick to
1）保留，保有
If we let him look after the money, I’m afraid much of it will stick to his fingers.
如果把钱交由他保管, 恐怕大部分都要被他侵吞掉。
2） 遵守，坚持
You must stick to your promise.
你必须遵守诺言。
7、substitute for 用……代替，(使)代替
Can you substitute for the singer who is ill?
你能替一下那位得了病的歌手吗?
8、such as 例如，诸如
A symbol produced by a process such as handwriting, drawing, or printing.
通过诸如手写、绘制或打印之类的处理过程而产生的符号。
9、suffer from 因……而受罚〔苦, 损〕
All sector of the economy suffer from the fall in the exchange rate.
所有经济部门都遭受到这次汇率下跌带来的损失。
10、sum up
1） 是……的总和（数）；合计
These ten books sum up this year’s production.
本年度共出版了十本书。
2) 总结, 概括
You have only 100 words in which to sum up his speech.
你只能用 100 字来概括他的讲话。
（五）
1、switch on/off
1） switch on 打开
The video is programmed to switch on at ten o’clock.
电视机设定在 10 点钟自动打开。
2） switch off 关闭
When the clock struck twelve, I switched off TV and went to bed.
时钟敲响十二点时, 我关了电视上床睡觉。
2、take advantage of 利用
CPDOs take advantage of this anomaly.
CPDO 正是得益于这种异常现象。
3、take after 长得像；性格类似于；效仿
Your daughter doesn’t take after you in any way.
你女儿一点都不像你。
4、take apart 拆开；拆卸
It’s easy to take a watch apart but difficult to put it together again.
把表拆开容易，装起来难。
5、take away
1） 拿开，拿走
Who has taken my dictionary away?
谁把我的字典拿走了?
2） 减去
Take away２from４and you get２.
四减二等于二。
6、take care (of)
1） take care 当心，小心
Take great care, I pray you!
要多加小心，我求求你!
2） take care of 照顾
They appointed her to take care of that old man.
他们委派她照顾那位老人。
7、take charge (of) 控制，掌管，承担责
The department was badly organized until she took charge of it.
这个部门在她负责以前组织工作做得很差。
8、take delight in 以……为乐
Those who take delight in other people’s pain will suffer retribution sooner or later.
把快乐建立在别人痛苦之上的人迟早要受到报应的。
9、take off
1） 拿走，取下；去掉
I can’t take the lid off, it’s stuck!
这盖子卡住了, 我拿不下来。
2） (飞机)起飞
It’s exciting to feel the plane taking off.
感觉到飞机起飞令人兴奋。
10、take on 呈现
The old factory has taken on a new look.
这家老厂已呈现出一派新面貌。
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