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资料简介
Module 3 Introduction & Speaking
一、基础知识积累
重点新词必备
1. biography n. [c]an account of a person’s life written by someone else 传记
eg. Boswell’s biography of Dr. Johnson 鲍斯韦尔为约翰逊博士写的传记
2. fantasy n.
1）[c] a pleasant situation that you imagine but that is unlikely to happen 幻想，想象
eg. He lived in a fantasy world and never faced up to his problems.
他生活在一个虚幻世界里，从来不敢直接面对自己的问题。
2）[c] a product of your imagination 幻想作品
eg. Her books are usually escapist fantasies. 她的书通常是逃避现实的幻想作品。
fantastic adj.
1） extremely good; excellent 极好的，了不起的
eg. a fantastic beach in Australia 澳大利亚旖旎的海滩
2） very large; larger than you expected 很大的；大得难以置信的
eg. The response to our appeal was fantastic. 我 们 的 呼 吁引 起 了 十 分 强 烈 的 反应 。
[来源:Z.Com]
3. detective n. – a person, especially a police officer, whose job is to examine crimes and catch
criminals 侦探，警探 eg. a detective story / novel 侦探故事，侦探小说
detect v. – to discover or notice sth. especially sth. that is not easy to see, hear, etc.发现；查
明；侦查出：
eg. The tests are design ed to detect the disease early. 这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
detection n.[u] the process of detecting sth.; the fact of being detected 侦查；探测；察觉
eg. Early detection of cancers is vitally important. 癌症的早期查出是极为重要的。
4. solve vt.
1) to find or provide a way of dealing with a problem 解决（问题）
eg. Charlie thinks money will solve all his problems. 查理认为金钱能解决他所有的问题。
2) to find the correct answer to a problem or the explanation for something that is difficult to
understand 解答；解释（难题）
eg. solve a mathematical equation 解一个数学方程式
solve a crime/ mystery/ puzzle/ fiddle 破案；解开奥秘；解难题；解谜
5. murderer
-a person who has killed sb. deliberately and illegally 杀人犯；杀人凶手
eg. a mass murderer 杀死很多人的凶手
murder n. [c, u] the crime of killing sb. deliberately 谋杀；凶杀
eg. She has been charged with the attempted murder of her husband. 她被指控意图谋杀丈
夫。 [
to commit (a) murder 犯谋杀罪 get away with murder 逍遥法外
vt. to kill sb. deliberately and illegally 谋杀；杀害
eg. He denies murdering his wife’s lover. 他否认谋杀了妻子的情夫。
idm. I could murder a …- used to say that you very much want to eat or drink sth. 我非常想
吃（或喝）
6. account n.
1) an arrangement that sb. has with a bank, etc. to keep money there, take some out, etc.账户
eg. I don’t have a bank account. 我没有银行账户 to open/close an account 开立、结清账户
2）[c] a written or spoken description which gives details of an event 报道；叙述；描写
There were several different accounts of the story in the newspaper. 报纸上对此事有几种不
同的说法。
give an account 描述 firsthand account 第一手的叙述
take account of sth./ take sth. into account 把某事考虑在内
on account of 因为；由于 by/from all accounts 根据各方面所说
on no account/ not on any account 决不 account for 是…的原因
on that account/ on this account 考虑到那种、这种情况
7. companion n. [c] – someone you spend a lot of time with especially someone you are
travelling with or a friend 同伴；同行者
eg. His dog became his closest companion during the last years of his life.
他的狗成了他晚年最亲密的伙伴。[来源:学&科&网 Z&X&X&K]
constant companion 形影不离的伙伴
重点词组突破
1. do/ make a survey 进行调查
2. run away (from…) 逃跑
3. have no connection with
find/establish a connection 发现/证明某事与另一件事有联系
in connection with 关于；与…有关
4. ahead of
1） 在…前面 eg. Tim pointed to a tree ahead of them.
2） （比…）更早；（比…）更靠前 eg. There were four people ahead of me at the doctor’s.
在诊所里，有四个人排在我前面。
3） 事先 eg. Can you tell me ahead of time if you’re coming? 如果你要来，能不能事先告
诉我。
ahead of time/schedule 提前
go ahead 进行吧，干吧
eg. “Can I have the sports section?” “Yeah, go ahead, I have read it.”
“我可以看看体育版吗？”“当然，拿去吧，我已经看过了。”
重点句型掌握
1. would like to do…
2. It looks exciting.
3. The two of them are sailing down the Mississippi River on a raft when they see
something in the water ahead of them…
be doing sth. … when… 正在做…，这时…
be about to do … when… 马上就…，这时…
二、知识巩固性训练
I 汉译英或完成句子
1. 他针对他的计划给我作了完整的说明。（give sb a full account of）
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 肺癌与吸烟有关系吗？(have connection with)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 我写此信与你最近求职一事有关。(in connection with)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 查里认为金钱会解决他的所有问题。(solve)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 托比 14 岁时离家出走了。(run away from home)
_______________________________________________________________________________
II 阅读理解
阅读技巧指导（四）
专题突破：主旨大意题
主题概述：主旨大意题用以考查学生对文章主题或 中心思想的领会和理解能力，也就是读
者从所阅读的材料中概括和归纳文章最核心的内容。
常见题型：
主题型 1. What is the main idea of this text?
2. What does the text mainly talk about?
3. What does the writer want to tell us?
4. The main object of the text is…?
标题型 1. Which is the best title for this text?
2. The best title for the text would be…?
解题指导[来源:学.科.网]
1. 研究文章的题目及副标题。
2. 浏览全文各个段落，了解每一段大意。
3. 逐段阅读文章，集中理解关键词，抓住每段的主题句，对阐述主题的例子可以跳过。
4. 抓住每一段落的段落大意后，综合概括全文的中心。一般来说，全文的中心就是在
每个段落都进行了描写或论述的内容。
5. 阅读该小题的所有选项，对比分析其异同，并尝试用所选选项带回文章印证各段内
容是否支撑这一主题。
A
Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. Twelve women have
won the Nobel Prize for science, one of the highest honors in the world. Some women scientists
never married, some worked with their husbands, and others raised large families. It has been
difficult for women to be successful scientists.[来源:学,科,网]
In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for
her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth. Mary and her father collected fossils (化石)
in their village on the south coast of Great Britain. Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have
been saved in rocks for millions of years.
When she was only twelve years old, Mary became the first person to find the almost
complete skeletons(骨架) of several animals that no longer existed on earth. She didn’t become
famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support
her family.
In 1891, a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics.
She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland. She began working in the
laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many
discoveries together. They received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 along with another
scientist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911, this
time for Chemistry. Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time who became famous as a
scientist.
1. The author believes that women scientists ______.
A. have more opportunities to become successful
B. can not get the highest honors in the world
C. go through difficulties to be successful
D. had better pay more attention to their families
2. Mary Anning was one of the first women to ______.
A. win the Nobel Prize for Science after getting married
B. make achievements in the study of ancient Earth
C. research animals and their bones
D. study the mystery of all kinds of plants
3. Mary Anning failed to be famous for her discoveries of fossils when she was 12 because
______.
A. nobody recognized them B. they weren’t worth studying
C. she didn’t want to be known to anyone D. she sold them for money
4. What can we learn about Mary Sklodowska?
A. She studied physics in Poland and got a college education.
B. She received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 on her own.
C. She only got one Nobel Prize during her lifetime.
D. She made many discoveries after she got married.
5. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. Ancient discoveries. B. Women scientists.
C. Successful marriages. D. Different prizes.
B
Recently, an Internet game has become a new fashion among young office w orkers and
students. People can “farm” on a piece of “land” and “grow”, “sell” or even “steal” “vegetables”,
“flowers” and “fruits” on the Net. They earn some e-money and buy more “seeds”, “pets” and
even “houses”.
Joyce interviewed some young people. Here are their opinions.
Harold: I don’t quite understand why they are so mad about the childish game. Maybe they
are just not confident enough to face the real world.
Allan: I enjoy putting some “bugs” (小虫子) in my friends’ gardens and we’ve become closer
because of the game. Having fun together is the most exciting thing about it.
Laura: You know, people in the city are longing for the life in the countryside. It reduces my
work pressure in the office; besides, it gives me the exciting feeling of being a “thief”.
Ivy: Well, it’s just a waste of time. Teenagers playing the game spend so many hours on it
that they cannot pay more attention to their study.
6. By playing the game, people can ______.
A. make a lot of money B. make many friends
C. have great fun D. better their life
7. The people “steal” someone else’s “vegetables” to ______.
A. live a more comfortable life B. show their confidence in the reality
C. earn e- money to develop their own "farm" D. enjoy the feelings of being children
8. Among the people interviewed, ______ doesn't like the game at all.
A. Laura B. Harold C. Joyce D. Allan
9. What can you learn about Laura from the passage?
A. She is a college student. B. She lives in a village.
C. She is an office worker. D. She wants to be a thief.
10. What is Ivy’s opinion about the game?
A. It is not good for students to play. B. Teenagers can have fun together.
C. Teenagers can relax themselves. D. Students will learn to face the world.
C
The largest-ever chariot pit (战车坑) of relics with carts and horse bones has been discovered
in Henan Province. It may lead to the uncovering of chariot pit groups that could be a key to
understanding Chinese civilizations that existed more than 2,000 years ago.
Experts said the relics are dated more than 300 years earlier than the famous warriors (武士)
in Shaan xi Province. What excited the experts were two other projects that located two huge pits
with similar features.
“It is absolutely a miracle. These relics indicate that there could be a tomb group in this area,
which is likely to be important for China’s archaeological (考古学的) studies,” said Ma Juncai, a
leading relic researcher in the province.
In ancient China, carts, sheep, spoons and so on were buried to ensure that dead people had a
happy afterlife. The number and quality of the sacrifices indicated the social status of the dead.
The custom was carried into the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb, located near Xi’an,
the capital of Shanxi Province, is accompanied by thousands of wood or clay figures of warriors
and horses. The tomb is probably the most well-known.
The discovered pit measures 10.4 meters long, 8.4 meters wide and 5 meters deep. It holds 20
carts in different sizes. The smallest one is 1.05 meters long and 1.3 meters wide.
Experts think that 40 horses are likely to be found as well. Careful plans need to be made to
deal with the demanding uncovering. “The clay is very weak and a small misstep can destroy the
whole project. That’s why we need to take every step very carefully to protect these cherished
cultural relics,” Ma said.
11. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The dead people’s sacrifices in ancient China.
B. China’s archaeological studies.
C. The discovery of a large chariot pit in Henan.
D. The history of Chinese civilizations.
12. According to Ma Juncai, the uncovering of the three pits is a miracle because ______.
A. it shows there may be a tomb group there
B. it’s helpful in discovering Emperor Qinshihuang’s tomb
C. the relics are dated such a long time ago
D. the relics are more than 300 years older than the ones in Shan’xi
13. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that ______.
A. all dead people had sacrifices in ancient China
B. the discovered pit is the most well-known in the world
C. the discovered pit dates back to the Qin Dynasty
D. Emperor Qinshihuang wanted to maintain his power after death
14. Careful plans for the uncovering are needed because ______.
A. another 40 horses are likely to be found as well
B. the whole uncovering could be destroyed easily
C. experts are too busy to spare time for it
D. the government hasn’t agreed to it
15. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The discovery has drawn the leading experts’ attention.
B. A lot of cultural relics have been discovered in Henan.
C. 40 horses have been discovered together with the chariot pit.
D. The discovered carts in the chariot pit are similar in size.
Introduction & Speaking 参考答案
I. 汉译英
1. He gave me a full account of his plan.
2 .Does lung cancer have connection with smoking?
3. I am writing to you in connection with your recent job application.
4. Charlie thinks money will solve all his problems.
5. Toby ran away from home at the age of 14.
II. 阅读理解
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