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资料简介
Section A (3a-4c)
Unit 12 Life is full of
the unexpected.
学习目标
Key words & phrases:
block, in line with, worker, stare, disbelief, above,
burn, alive, airport, till, west, cream, workday, pie,
show up, bean, market, by the end of
Key sentence:
I was about to go up to my office when I decided
to get a coffee first.
Retell the storyLead in
Presentation
What do you
know about
these pictures?
How about these
pictures?
九寨沟地震
3a Read the passage and answer Read the passage and answer
the questions.the questions.
1. Which two events does the writer
mention?The writer mentions the September 11
attack in New York and the earthquake in
Jiuzhaigou.
2. How did the writer end up missing
both events?
The writer went to get a coffee first and
was not in the office when the plane hit
the World Trade Center. He/she had
overslept and missed his/her flight, so
he/she was able to avoid the earthquake.
◆ 快速阅读全文, 注意描述事件的关键
词或短语, 有助于整篇文章的理解。
◆ 这些关键词可能是动词或动词短语,
可能是介词短语、形容词或连词等。
◆ 第一段： found a job, arrived at, was
about to, even though, stared in
disbelief, the burning building alive
◆ 第二段： woke up, went off, had taken
off, till, unexpectedly, turned into
1. lost:
2. west:
3. below:
4. dead:
5. empty:
3b
Find words from the passage with
opposite meanings to the words
below. found
east
above
alive
full
adv. 向西, 朝西
adj.向西的, 西
部的
n.西, 西方
1. I found the money on the floor.
2. The sun rises in the east.
3. There was a large bird flying above us.
4. His family was so happy to hear he was
still alive.
5. The train was so full that I couldn’t get on
the train at all.
Then write a sentence with each word.
3c
Retell one of the events to your Retell one of the events to your
partner. Use these words and partner. Use these words and
phrases to help you.phrases to help you.
stare, in disbelief, take off, unexpected,
burn, above, alive, till / until, arrive at,
be about to, even though
prep.&conj. 到; 直到
e.g. On September 11, 2001, I arrived at my ...
Language
points
1. I was about to go up when I decided to get
a coffee first.
be about to do sth.即将做某事。侧重于表
示动作马上就要发生, 常与when引导的从
句连用, 但不与具体的时间状语连用。
e.g. One of my friends is about to have
her second baby. 我的一个朋友马
上就要生第二个小孩了。
2. I went to my favorite coffee place even
though it was two blocks east from my
office.
even though “即使, 虽然, 尽管”, 用于引
导让步状语从句。
block n. 街区
e.g. He’s the best teacher, even though he
has the least experience.
他虽然经验最少, 却是最好的老师。
3. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke
rising above the burning building.
stare v. 盯着看, 凝视
表示看得比较仔细, 有时候也带有吃惊的
意味去看, 常与at, into连用。
e.g. Don’t stare at me like that.
别那样盯着我看。
in disbelief 不相信 , 疑惑, 怀疑
e.g. Tamara stared at him in
disbelief, shaking her head.
塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看, 一
边摇着头。
above prep.
1)（表示位置）在…...正上方；高于”（与
below相对）。
e.g. That big high-rise above us is where
Brian lives.
我们上面的那座摩天大楼就是布赖
恩住的地方。
He lifted his hands above his head.
他将双手举过头顶。
2) 表示在地位、级别、能力、等方面“在
……之上”“比……强”。
e.g. He is above the others in ability.
他的能力优于其他人。
3) adv. 在上面
e.g. There are snowy peaks above.
上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。
See the examples given above.
见上述例子。
burn v. 着火, 燃烧
(burnt, burnt / burned, burned)
burning adj. 着火的；燃烧的
e.g. Ouch! The sand is so hot! It can burn
my feet.
哎哟！沙子这么烫！会烫伤脚的。
He was trapped in a burning house.
他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。
4. I felt lucky to be alive.
alive 一般作表语；也可以作后置定语或宾补。
“活(着)的；在世的；(继续)存在的”；反义词是dead。
e.g. Do you know she’s alive?
你知道她还活着吗？
People alive should try their best to
live better. 活下来的人应该尽力生活得更好。
Tom was kept alive in the big fire.
(宾补) 汤姆在这次大火中活下来了。
辨析 alive, living, lively
alive “活着的”, 在句中常作表语或定语。
作表语时, 常可与 living互换；作定语时,
常要放在被修饰词之后。
living“活着的”, 在句中用作表语或定语。
lively“活泼的”, 在句中可作表语或定语。
5. But by the time I got to the airport, my plane
to New Zealand had already taken off.
airport n. 机场 take off 脱掉； 起飞
e.g. He took off his hat and bowed as the
prime minister passed.
首相经过时他脱帽鞠躬。
We eventually took off at 11 o’clock
and arrived in Venice at 1:30.
我们终于在11点起飞, 1:30 到达威尼斯。
Grammar Focus
When I got to school, I realized that I had left
my backpack at home.
By the time I got to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had
already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I
decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office
workers, I heard a loud sound.
一、概念
过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一
时间或动作之前已经完成或结束, 也可能是
早已完成或结束, 即“过去的过去”；也可以指
过去的动作延续到过去的某个时刻。
二、结构
“had +动词的过去分词”
三、用法
1. 表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完
成的动作或存在的状态。句中常用by,
before, when, until等词引导时间状语。
它是以过去某一时间为起点, 所以过去完成
时是一个相对的时态, 表示的是“过去的过
去”。只有和过去某时间或某动作相比较时
才能用到它。
例: Most of the guests had left when he
arrived at the party.
当他到达晚会时, 他发现大多数客人已经
离开了。
2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前
发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间
或持续下去, 常与for, since等词连用。
例： When Jack arrived, Mary had been
away for almost an hour. 当杰克到时, 玛
丽已经离开快一个小时了。
【实战演练】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When I got there, the bus _________ (go).
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher
___________ (start) the class.
3. We _____________ (learn) over 1, 000 words
by the end of last term.
4. I ___________ (clean) the room before he
arrived here.
had gone
had started
had learnt
had cleaned
by the time 的用法
by the time 意为“到……时候(为止)”, 是一
个介词短语, 在句中常起到连词的作用,
引导时间状语从句。
1.如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时, 那
么主句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时, 表
示“截止到从句动作发生时, 主句动作已
经完成, 即过去的过去”。
例：By the time you came back, I had
finished this book.
你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。
（从句谓语动词came back 为一般过去
时, 所以主句动作用过去完成时had
finished, 表示过去的过去。）
2. 如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或
现在完成时, 那么主句中的谓语动词常用将
来完成时, 表示“截止到将来的某一时刻为
止, 主句动作将已完成”。
例：By the time I get home, they will have
left. 我到家时他们将已经离开。
By the time I graduate next year, I will
have lived here for five years. 到明年毕
业时, 我将已经在这待了五年了。
（1） by the end of +时间点意为“到……结束时
”
① +过去的时间点, 主句用过去完成时；
例：By the end of last year, I had stayed in
Xi’an for seven years. 到去年结束时, 我
已经在西安待了七年了。
② +将来的时间点, 主句用将来完成时；
例：By the end of next month, I will have
finished my new book. 到下个月结束时我
将要完成我的新书。
(2) by+时间点意为“到……为止；截止……时
”
① +现在的时间点, 主句用现在完成时；
例：By now, I have finished all my homework.
截止现在, 我已经完成了所有的作业。
② +过去的时间点, 主句用过去完成时；
例：By yesterday, the building had been
completed.
截止昨天, 这个建筑就已经完成了。
③ +将来的时间点, 主句用将来完成时。
例：By tomorrow, all the students will have
been out of the school. 到明天所有的学生
都将离校。
1. Tim went into the bathroom.
Mary got up.
__________________________________
__________________________________
2. The coffee became cold.
I put cream in the coffee.
__________________________________
__________________________________
Make sentences using by the
time or before.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had
already gone into the bathroom.
Before I put cream in the coffee, the
coffee had become cold.
4a
2.The teacher collected the math homework.
I got to school.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
3.I completed the work for my boss.
The workday ended.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
By the time I got to school, the teacher
had collected the math homework.
By the time the workday ended, I had
completed the work for my boss.
4.The movie started.
I arrived at the cinema.
_________________________________
_________________________________
5.My mother finished making the apple
pie.
I got home from my language course.
__________________________________
__________________________________
________________________________
By the time I arrived at the cinema,
the movie had started.
By the time I got home from my
language course, my mother had
finished making the apple pie.
1.By the time I arrived at the party,
everyone else_______ already _________ .
2.When he put the noodles into a bowl, he
realized he _____________to add the
green beans.
Fill in the blanks with the correct
forms of the words in the box.
rush out forget arrive at
go into show up find out
had shown up
had forgotten
4b
3.By the time my mother came back from
the market, I ____already__________ of
the door to go to my piano lesson.
4. Before she got to the airport, she
_____________ about the earthquake.
5. When she __________ the movie theater,
she remembered she had forgotten to feed
her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye,
he ____________ the building.
rushed out
had forgotten
arrived at
had gone into
had
1.By the time I left for school in the morning,
_____________________________________.
2.By the end of the school day,
________________________________.
3.By dinner time, I _____________________.
Write two true statements and one
false statement about your day
yesterday. Then ask your classmates
to guess the false statement.
4c
I saw my teacher clean the classroom
I missed my schoolmates so much
ate a fish
Exercises
I.根据汉语提示写出下面句中所缺的单词。
1. I got up early this morning because I didn’t
want to _______ (错过) the early bus.
2. The drop in prices was quiet ___________
(出乎意料的).
3. The ______ (工人) fell down and got hurt.
4. The plane was flying _____ (在上面) the
clouds.
5. The river goes through the city from ______
(西) to east.
miss
unexpected
worker
above
west
II. 写出下面短语的汉语意思。
1. show up ____________
2. be full of… ____________
3. arrive at ____________
4. be about to ____________
5. take off ____________
6. turn into ____________
7. find out ____________
出现；露面
充满…...
到达
将要做某事
(飞机) 起飞
变成
发现；找出
market burn above
miss unexpected pie
1. I got up late and ______ the early bus this
morning.
2. The mountain is 1, 000 meters ______ the sea
level.
Ⅲ. 用方框中词的适当形式完成下面的句子。
missed
above
3. My daughter went with me to the ______
and bought clothes.
4. His wife made some apple _____ for dinner.
5. He became worried when he heard of the
__________ news.
market burn above
miss unexpected pie
market
pies
unexpected
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. 我在动物园里见过活鳄鱼。
I have seen a _____ crocodile in the zoo.
2. 他是那场火灾中唯一活下来的人。
He is the only person ____ in the fire.
3. 露西是个活泼的孩子, 大家都喜欢她。
Lucy is a _____ child and everyone likes
her.
living
alive
lively
4. The boy ____________________ (正要开
始) but someone spoke first.
5. Hurry up. The train ______________ (马
上就要开了).
was just about to begin
is about to start
口头作业 (Oral work)
熟读课文Unit 12 Section A (3a)
书面作业 (Writing work)
学练优 Unit 12 Section A
第二课时
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