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八年级英语上册复习讲义

2021-06-21
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单词篇外研版八年级英语上册单词复习第一模块翻译翻译改正;纠正；正确的，对的将配对给标号码，数字，号码重复语法语音；发音写作；文章标点符号拼写学期建议写下，记下错误笔记本其他收音机报纸（书面或口头的）信息；信笔友各个，每个不同的人（或物）互相好极了；卓越的，极好的管弦乐队发送；寄语言提高主要的；最重要的看；注视；观察，n 手表猜，猜测（引起注意，表示允许等）请，就你自己过得快乐害羞的谈话深的呼吸微笑记住；想起，记着忘记放置数总是，一直祝愿借组分数俱乐部创办；开办；发动一起；共同听见第二模块经验；经历曾经竞争，竞赛机场；航空港（飞机的）客舱乘务员机长；船长国家起飞以前，在……之前问题，难题绝妙的；了不起的奖品，奖金考虑；认为听起来好极了梦想；梦某人；有人种类西方的成为现实在国外；到国外极好的任何地方中国城，唐人街意大利（人）的；意大利语的美味的比萨饼三明治超过，多于卖乐手；音乐家匕首；短剑座位在……旁边有……味道；品尝仅仅；只还，尚石头爬；攀登烤鸭宫殿又一的；再一个的海鲜；海产品娱乐次说出……的名字第三模块地球火星已经，早已刚刚，刚才模型站；所；局；车站太空站；宇宙空间站（使）感到惶恐最近的；最新的几个的，数个的月发现最近航天飞机展示；给……看多于（某时间、数量、花费等）行星太阳系也；同样没有一个环境空气生长；种植部分星系十亿宇宙光线；电灯在……之外孤单的，孤独的入口价钱为；花费更喜爱日记甚至木星秘密真实的；真正的两次勘探；探测任务不载人的第四模块学习；研究教校长从……以来与……相处（融洽）相同的；同一的听说贫穷的计划；工程仍然；依旧筹集参加描述；形容扔；落下退学重要的生病的照顾支付；付农村地区；农村；乡下培训；训练电听说也许几乎幸运地点；分，指着，指组织；机构健康护理；照料传单第五模块布鲁斯经典的；古典的爵士乐流行音乐摇滚乐电子音乐美的；美丽的有戏剧性的有趣的事；逗人乐的活动活泼的；轻快的悲伤的严肃的；严重的慢的传统的肯定的德国人；德语奥地利的；奥地利人的作曲家（体育、音乐、电影等的）狂热爱好者，迷说唱乐究竟吵闹的中心鼓吉他管风琴小号小提琴年长的（尤指家庭成员之间）死，去世添加；添加物除……以外剩余部分也许电话；电话机事实上；实际上乐器当然种类（声音）响亮的福音音乐（乐器等的）弦兼职的送牛奶的人录音室录（音）自己的艺术家人物；名人世纪第六模块突然兔聚会下落；跌落洞，孔奇怪的携带；拿着；抱着劳累的没有什么；没有东西一次雏菊项圈；链粉色的，粉色经；由兜，口袋越过田地在……下面树篱（灯）熄灭；停（电）暴风雨；暴风雪在外面跳尖叫；惊呼在……期间中午；正午书店全体职员；全体雇员穿；戴鼓掌欢呼表演；施行金，黄金戒指大厅跟随；紧跟停止；停下水橇运动，滑水运动婴儿鲸大洋；海洋令人高兴的；令人吃惊的思念外研版英语八年级上复习提纲 Module 1 第一模块语法：一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year,month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be 动词；②行为动词否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加 don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用 doesn't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①把 be 动词放于句首；②用助动词 do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用 does，同时，还原行为动词。二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year,night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, longlong ago, once upon a time, etc. 基本结构：①be 动词；②行为动词否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加 didn't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①was 或 were 放于句首；②用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问，同时还原行为动词。三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 基本结构：am/is/are+doing 否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+doing 否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 一般疑问句：把 was 或 were 放于句首。五、现在完成时：（略，后面复习）六、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do. 否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加 didn't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①be 放于句首；②will/shall 提到句首。 translate … into 把…翻译成… translation 翻译（名词） the number of …的数字 a number of =numbers of = many 许多 write down 写下，记下 write it down , write down your mistakes else 其他 what else …还有其他的… , anything else 其他的一些， somebody else’s books 其他人的书 newspaper 报纸（可数）in the newspaper , on paper . each 各个，每个 each of us likes running . each other 互相 enjoy yourself (myself , yourself, herself , himself , itself ,yourselves , ourselves , themselves)=have a good time a piece of 一张（片，块，件，则） all the time 总是，一直 borrow 借（入） lend 借（出） keep 借（保持） why don’t you = why not you 为什么你不 in class 在课堂上 next to 靠近，旁边 should 应该（情态动词） It's +adi.+ to do sth. 做某事怎么样。 It’s interesting to see English movies. How about = what about (后加名词) How about doing some shopping? try not to do sth.…尝试不要做 help sb. with sth.= help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人某事 ask for 请求 ask sb. for sth.向某人请求某事 enjoy doing = like doing 喜欢做某事 speak to (with) sb. 和某人说话 take a deep breath 做个深呼吸 quickly 动作迅速地，敏捷地 We get up quickly in the morning. fast 速度快 He can ran fast. leave 离开 leave Beijing 与 leave for Beijing 离开北京与去北京。 I left my homework at home.忘记 look for 寻找 make friends 交朋友 invite sb. to 邀请某人 invitation 邀请（名词，不可） in the order 按顺序 parctice doing 练习做 say hello / goodbye to sb.向某人问好/说再见 learn from 向… 学习 remember/forget to do sth. 记住/忘记了做某事（事情还没做） remember/forget doing sth 记住/忘记做某事（事情已经做了） Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。 Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? Make mistake 犯错误 advice (名词) advise(动词)建议 excellent= very good 出色的;杰出的;优等的 hear from 收到某人来信外研版英语八年级上复习提纲 Module2 第二模块语法：现在完成时 have(has) + done 表示“已经”、“曾经”ever Have you ever been to Shanghai? Yes, I have . /No, I haven’t ( No, never.) experience 经验（不可），经历（可） I know from experience that there will be rainy tomorrow.据我的经验，今天要下雨。 He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa.他在非洲旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。 kind 种类 all kinds of animals 各种动物 kind 仁慈的，和善的 It's kind of you to invite me to your party 你太好了邀请我参加你的晚会。 kind of 有点儿,有一些 Beihai Park is kind of quiet . 北海公园有点安静。 come true 成为现实 abroad 在国外（副词） be abroad 在国外 go abroad 去国外 one day 某天 all over China 全中国 more than = over 超过 sell out 卖光 be from= come from 来自 another 又（一）个，再一（个）（指三个以上） another apple ， another two apples send sb. sth.= send sth. to sb.送某人某物 travel around the world 环游世界 the price of …的价格 What’s the price of the book ?=How much the book ? take off 起飞；脱下 land 土地；着落 enter 进入，参加 What do you reckon ?= What do you think ? 你是怎么认为的？ exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 感到兴奋的 Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？ He told us an exciting story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。其他类似的词，surprising/surprised ；interesting/interested go to sleep 睡觉=go to bed be asleep 睡着的=fall asleep by plane 坐飞机＝take a plane =on a plane fly to sw.=go to sw. by plane 坐飞机到某地 at the end 结束时 in the end 最终，终于 get up 站起来；起床 beside , next to ,near 三个词都是"在旁边，在附近，靠近"的意思：但是表示远近时候还是有区别的。从近到一般近到最近为到：NEAR> BESIDE> NEXT TO cook sth. for sb. 为某人做什么饭菜=cook sb. sth. buy sth for sb. =buy sb. sth.为某人买什么 problem（需要 solve 解决）的问题 question（需要 answer 回答的）问题 yet （迄今）还，已经(用于否定句和疑问句中). Has the bell rung yet?--- It has not rung yet.已经敲钟了吗? ---还没有. Anne has already finished.安妮已经做完了 how to do sth. 怎么样做某事 Can you tell me how to learn English well?=Can you tell me how I can learn English well? before 以前；在…之前（常用完成时） ago 以前（过去时） His parents died ten years ago．他父母十年前都去世了。 I have never been there before．我以前从来没有去过那里 I never saw him before．我以前从未见过他。外研版英语八年级上复习提纲 Module3 第三模块语法：现在完成时刚刚、过、还（未）、最近 just already yet recently 时间状语 since for What are you up to ?= What are you doing?你在做什么？ the latest news 最近的消息 several months 几个月 not yet 还没有 It take(for sb.) +时间+to do sth.（某人）做某事花了多少时间 It took me two hours to do my homework yesterday. (扩展) I spent two hours (in)doing my homework yesterday. I spent two hours on my homework yesterday. The homework cost my two hours yesterday. spend 与 cost 与 pay 一样还可以表示“花钱”。 have been to 与 have gone to have been to 是曾进去过某地方，但已经回到说话现场 have gone to 是在去某地的旅途中或去了某地还没回来。例： I have been to Guangzhou twice.(我去广州两次了，此时该人不再广州） He has gone to Guangzhou.(他去了广州，现在在广州或在去的途中） no one=nobody 、 none 、nothing no one / nobody 常用来指人，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式. none 可指人也可指物，作主语时，如和 of 连用指不可数名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式；指可数名词时，谓语动词用单、复数均可。nothing 常用来指物，作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式； No one likes a person with bad habbits. None of them has /have seen me before. Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it. none 可用来回答 How many / much…？的特殊疑问句；而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 则分别用来回答 Who…？和 What…？的特殊疑问句。如：— How many birds are there in the tree？— None. — What is in the box？ — Nothing. — Who is in the classroom？ — No one / Nobody. take the space shuttle 乘坐宇宙飞船 show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.给某人看某物 on business 出差 millions of 几百万年（hundreds of , thousands of , billion of ） they’re coming back this evening .= they will come back this evening . 某些动词的现在进行时可以表示将来时。如 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 等等. go around the sun 围绕太阳转也 also(句中)too(句末)either(否，疑句) are called =are named 被叫做(be 动词+行为动词过去分词) Lao She are called a language master in China. along 与 lonely 独自，孤独 along 是指独自一人，单独，它是副词而 lonely 则是指孤独，寂寞，荒凉，它是形容词 along 多指表面上一个人的，lonely 是指心灵上的孤寂。she lives along,but she doesn't feel lonely. 她一个人住，但是她不感到孤独。 most of 大多数的 once 一次（twice 两次 three times 三次…） discover 找到（未知） find 找到（已知） look for 寻找 look out 找出（真相） space station 太空站 come back 回来 next year 明年 so far 到目前为止 as…as… 和…一样 Daming learns English as well(原形)as Lingling . finish doing 做完某事 write to sb.写信给某人 write back 回信 so…that…太…以至于 too…to…太…而不能 enough to 足够...而能做某事通常来说，这三种句型可用于同义句转换，具体如下： too...to...=not 反义词 enough to =so...that 否定句例：He is too young to go to school. = He is not old enough to go to school. = He is so young that he can't go to school. must 与 have to 都有"必须、应该"的意思。但二者有区别： must 侧重于个人意志和主观上的必须，have to 则侧重客观上的必须，可译为"不得不"。must 与 have to 经常可以互换使用。I must/have to go to school now.现在我必须上学了。 We must help each other. My sister is ill, my mother has to look after her. 注意 must 表示推断或猜测: Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital.（一定）你姐姐一定是这家医院的医生。否定 don't have to＝haven’t to 表示"不必 " mustn't 表示"禁止" be afraid to do 害怕做某事 be afraid of sth.害怕某样东西 prefer 1 prefer to do/doing 喜欢做 2 prefer A to B 比起 B 更喜欢 A 3 prefer doingA to doing B 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A 4prefer to do A rather than B 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A 外研版英语八年级上复习提纲 Module4 第四模块现在完成时：从过去持续到现在。 since (时间点) for (时间段) I have stayed in the hotel for a week. I have stayed in the hotel since last Monday. 并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.上年夏天我在这个旅馆呆了一个星期。 I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.下个月我要在这旅馆呆一个星期。瞬间动词（点动词）与延续性动词瞬间动词（点动词）表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。 He has died for three years. 可改为：He has been dead for three years. 将终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词举例： leave→be away, borrow→keep, buy→have,begin/start→be on, die→be dead, move to→live in, finish→be over,join→be in/be a member of, catch a cold→have acold。小窍门：当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。1) (对)Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2) (错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. How soon 多久后（将来时） How long 多长 How often 多长时间一次 —How soon will you go to school? —Ten minutes later. 你多久后要去上学啦?十分钟后. How long is the rope? —About five miles. 这条绳索多长? 大概 5 米. How long is the you holiday? —Two months.你有多长的假期?两个月. How often do you go to swim? —Once a week.你多长时间去游一次泳呢?一个星期去一次. teach sb. sth. 教某要某事 Mr. Liu teaches us English. head teacher 校长 hear about/of 听到，听说 drop out of school 退学 get on (well) with 与…相处（融洽） He gets on well with his new classmates.他和他的新同学们相处得很好 take part in 与join take part in是参加规模较小的团体，活动。I took part in a party last night.昨天晚上我参加了一个派对。join 也是参加，可是参加大是比较正式，大型的团体，活动。 I joined the Party last year.我去年参加了一个党派。付钱 pay，cost，spend I paid three dollars for a hamburger. 我花了三美圆去买个汉堡 The hamburger cost me three dollars .这个汉堡花了我三美元 I spent three dollars on a hamburger 我花了三美圆买了个汉堡 maybe 相当于 perhaps,放句首。probably 副词 Maybe she’ll come this afternoon. ＝Perhaps she’ll come this afternoon.她可能今天下午来。 It will probably be fine tomorrow．明天大概会是晴天。 maybe 和 may be 可相互转换。 He may be in the office. = Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。 luck 幸运（名）lucky 幸运的（形）luckily 幸运地（副） I had a lot of luck in that exam. you are so lucky to pass the exam！ Luckily，I got to the station in time. health 健康（名词）healthy 健康的（形）Smoking is not good for your health.吸烟对你的健康没有好处。 I like eating healthy food .我喜欢吃健康的食物。到达 reach，arrive（小地方 at，大地方 in），get to 注意：与 here there home abroad 搭配的时候不能加介词，如 get home. When did you arrive?你什么时候到达的？ have some concerts =do some concerts 举行演唱会 in fact 事实上 Speaking Chinese is very difficult .说汉语是非常困难的。（动名词作主语） He is an eight-year-old boy.他是一个 8 岁的男孩。 He is eight years old .＝Heis a boy of eight years old. 他 8 岁。 stop doing 与 stop to do When Mr.He came in classroom , everyone stopped talking.当何老师走进教室，每个人停止了谈论。 When you are tired , you must stop to have a rest. 当你疲倦时，你必须停下来休息。 with the help of 在…的帮助下。 We finished the work with the help of the teacher.我们在老师的帮助下完成了这个工作。一些 a few （可数） a little(不可数) without 没有（后接名词）因为，由于 because 与 because of She doesn't go to school because she is ill.＝She doesn’t go to school because of ill.她因为生病没有上学。 high school 高中 primary school 小学 get an education 接受教育 in the last 14 years 在过去的 15 年中 wear 穿着，戴着（put on 穿上） Project Hope 希望工程 same 同样的 We are in the same class.我们在同一个班级。We do the same work as they（do）．我们和他们干同样的活。外研版英语八年级上复习提纲 Module5 第五模块反意疑问句：陈述句后加上一个简短问句。 She often has lunch at school, doesn’t she? You don’t like sports, do you? You can’t do it, can you? They are very late for the meeting, aren’t they? They have known the matter, haven’t they? 要注意的一些句子：It is impossible to learn English, isn’t it? She never tells a lie, does she? （这样的词语还有 little, few, never, hardly, seldom，no, nothing, nobody） I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? Everything is ready, isn't it? Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you? Close the window, please, will you? There will not be any trouble, will there? —Mr Smith isn’t American, is he ? —yes, he is.(不，他是美国人) No, he isn’t.(对，他不是美国人)。 traditional 传统的(形) traditonl 传统（名） on earth 究竟,在世界上 on the earth 在地球上 in the earth 在地下 die 死，去世（动） dead 死亡的（形） His mother died in1985. His mother has been dead for 10 years. maybe = perhaps 可能,也许与 maybe Maybe Sally is her sister. Sally may be her sister. western music / pop music/classical music/modern music 西方的音乐 /流行音乐/古典音乐/现代音乐 who’s it by? 它是由谁（写）的？ I’m not sure.我不确定 be born （in /on）出生 the capital city of Austria 奥地利首都 also too either 也 neither两者都不 I'm also a student. I'm a student too. I'm not a student either. 一般用 neither 很少。 Neither Ronald nor Sammy is a student. music 音乐 musician 音乐家 make sb.+adj. 让某人… His waltzes made him famous all over Europe. succeed 动词 successful 形容词 success 名词 Our plan has succeeded. He will be successful with the help of us. It’s a great success to finish the work . not only …but also 不但......而且...... 要遵循“就近一致原则”，Not only the students but also the teacher was invited. a beautiful old city 一个美丽的古城 take sb. around…带着某人周游… give concerts 开音乐会 at the age of…在。。。岁时 a piece of music / pieces of music play the piano 弹钢琴 in addition to (besides) 除…之外 (be)famous for 以什么著名 a part-time job 一份兼职工作 on holiday 度假 decide to do sth. 决定做 the rest of 其余的… have a rest 休息一下 go on sth. / go on doing / go on to do 继续 after dinner, he went on to learn English.做完家庭作业，他继续学英语 after resting for a few minutes, he went on doing his homework.几分钟后，他继续做家庭作业 one of + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 one of the most popular singers Vienna is a beautiful old city on the river Danube.维也纳是在多瑙河边的一个美丽的老城市。 a large group of 一大群… belong to… 属于 live 居住 lively 活泼的 lovely 可爱的 at the age of 在…岁的时候 of course 当然外研版英语八年级上复习提纲 Module6 Module 6 过去进行时 What were you doing this time yesterday? What were you doing during the winter holidays? I was playing football between 5 and 7 last Saturday. He was doing his homework when someone knocked the door. How is it going?近来怎么样？ I see! 我明白 let me guess… 让我猜猜 by the river 在河边 by=beside sit in a tree 坐在树上 on the tree(长)在树上 smile at sb. 朝。。。笑 look at 看 fall down 摔倒 / fall off 摔下来 by mistake 不小心 get tired / be tired 疲倦的 have nothing to do 没有做什么=don’t do anything have no =don’t have 没有 nothing 不定代词（something everything anything somebody 等）注意用法 There is nothing in the room. Nothing special happened yesterday． there is nothing = there isn’t anything 没有什么东西 She didn’t think it was strange 她认为没有什么奇怪的。 see sb. do / doing 看见某人做/正在做某事 hear sb.do /doing across the field 穿过田野 (through the forest 穿过森林) get out 出去 grow up 长大 have a picnic 野餐 go off 熄灭 not…until 直到…才… She didn’t go to bed until her mother went home .她直到妈妈回家才上床睡觉。 start doing / start to do 开始做。。。 jump out of bed 跳下床 play with a ball 玩球 at about 7o’clock last night 昨晚大约 7 点 on my way to school 在我去学校的路上 on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上 this time last year 去年的这个时候 from …to…从…到… jump up 跳起来 look up 查阅；向上看 walk along the beach 沿着海岸散步 Suddenly a rabbit passed her . 突然，一只兔子从她身边经过。（动词） = Suddenly a rabbit ran by her .(介词) called Alice 叫做爱丽丝 Do you know the girl called Alice ? think of 基本等于 think about 思考，考虑，认为，想 happen to sb.某人发生了什么事 during the day 一整天 while when 当…的时候 When the teacher came in, we were talking. While we were talking, the teacher came in. They were singing while we were dancing. across (介) 与 cross（动） go across a river 穿一条河 cross the street 穿过街道 Every boy and girl likes ice cream. 每个男孩和女孩都喜欢冰淇淋。（用单数） tired 感到劳累的，疲倦的（人） tiring 令人劳累的，疲倦的（物） once or twice 一两次，偶而 under 在…下面(垂直方向) below 在…下面(不强调垂直) (相对应在…上面 over above 还有一个接触的 on) 查看更多

八年级英语上册复习讲义

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