天天资源网 / 高中英语 / 教学同步 / 外研版（2019） / 必修第三册 / Unit 3 The world of science / 外研版高中英语必修第三册同步练习Unit 3 Section A
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Unit3 TheworldofscienceSectionA Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.单词拼写1.Mom,pleaseremembertobuytwomedium-sized (电池)formyalarmclockwhenyougotothestore. 2.Wheneverthereisasaleinthesupermarket,mymotheralwaysendsupbuyinggood (物品)atalowprice. 3.Hehasa (渴望)forsuccessthoughhehasfailedmanytimes. 4.Suddenly,awhitelight (射出)towardsmyeyes,andIcouldseenothing. 5.Ifyouwanttostartthemachine, (按)thebutton. 6.Ifyouareeasytogetlost,you’dbettertakea (指南针)withyou. 7.Home-workingopportunitiesand (灵活的)workinghoursaretopconcernsfortheworkingmothers. 8.Alargefirmis (有能力的)ofprovidingawiderrangeofservicesforthepublic. Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Developingahabitofplayingteamsportscanreduce (press)andkeepfit. 2.Animalsinthezoohavelostthe (capable)tocatchfoodforthemselves. 3.Aslongaswestrugglehard,ourdreamthatseemsnottoberealisedforever,canturninto (realise)soonerorlater. 4.The (flexible)ofdistancelearningwouldbeparticularlysuitedtobusymanagers. 5.Scientistsandengineersaroundtheworldhavemadegreat (advance)inArtificialIntelligence. 6.ThemanagerthoughtPaulwasthebestpersonforthejob termsofbothhisabilityandhisquality.
7.Asweallknow,hardworkisessentialforourcareeranditcanlead success. 8.Thanks hisgiftforlearningforeignlanguages,Billcancommunicatewithpeoplefreelyinthiscountrynow. 9.Thehotelitselfcanaccommodate80guestsand addition,thereareseveralself-cateringapartments. 10.Ifyousaytheword“communication”,mostpeoplethink wordsandsentences. Ⅲ.完成句子1.昨天的交通事故到底是在哪里发生的? theroadaccidenthappenedyesterday? 2.有那么多事情要做,她今天上午没有时间去购物了。 ,shewon’thavetimetogoshoppingthismorning. 3.迈克有可能提前完成这项任务。 thetaskaheadoftime. 4.很明显,五年级的学生比一年级的学生要高。It’sobviousthatstudentsinGrade5 thoseinGrade1. 5.依我看,一个人的成功不能总是从钱的角度来衡量。Inmyopinion,one’ssuccesscannotalwaysbemeasured . Ⅳ.阅读理解A17-year-oldArulMathurhasdevelopedanewfireextinguisher(灭火器)tohelpputoutwildfiresnearhouses.ThefireextinguisheriscalledtheFireActivatedCanisterExtinguisher(FACE).
Overthepastthreeyears,therehavebeenalmost7,500,000acresofwildfiresinCaliforniaalone,whichdemolishnearly50,000buildings.Thishascausedmanylocalpeopletobecomehomeless.ArulgrewupinNewJerseywherewildfireswerehardlyheardof.AftermovingtoCaliforniain2012,hebegantohearaboutwildfires.Inthesummerof2019,awildfirethreatenedhisfamilytoleavetheirhome.Uponquestioninghimselfonthereasonbehindthespreadofwildfires,Arulrealizedthefact.Bythetimefirefightersgetthenoticeofawildfire,thewildfirehasalreadygrownoutofcontrol.FACEcanhelpstopwildfiresbeforetheyburnhouses.Itputsoutwildfiresbyitselfaftersensingextremeheatwithouthumans.Itcanstandtheextremeconditionwhichisahigh-temperatureenvironment.Moreover,ithasabracket(支架)thatallowsittobeplacedinavarietyofhigh-riskareas.Unliketraditionalfireextinguishers,FACEhasamixtureofwaterandanenvironmentally-friendlyfireretardant(阻燃剂)withinit.Arulsaid,“IthinkthatbyowningFACE,peoplenolongerhavetorelyonthefiredepartmenttosavetheirhouses.”Firefighterscouldfocusoncontrollingthefire,whilepeoplecouldprotecttheirhomes.HeisnowrunningapilottestwithsomeofhisfriendsfromthemediaplatformKickstarter.Hesaid,“Ingeneral,FACEhasbeenverywell-receivedthroughthemediaplatform.”Arulhasgreatinterestinfiresafetyandpreventionandactivelysearchesforwaystospreadawareness.Helovestoexploreadvancesintechnologyandheishappytogivecommunitiessomeadviceonfireprevention.Arulisnowplanningtodeveloplargerunitsforspecificuseinforestapplications.Hesaid,“Humanshaveseengreatprogressintechnology.Now,weneedtousepresenttechnologytodevelopmoreenvironmentally-friendlysolutionsforfireprevention.”1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demolish”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Destroy.B.Cause.C.Protect.D.Build.2.WhatcanbeknownaboutArul’sfireextinguisher?A.Ithastoworkwiththehelpofhumans.B.Itdoesverylittleharmtotheenvironment.C.Itcannotstandhightemperatures.D.Itusesthesamematerialsasatraditionalone.
3.WhatdoesArulintendtodoatthemoment?A.Setupamediaplatformwithhisfriends.B.Keeppeopleupdatedonnewtechnologies.C.DevelophugerFACEforforestapplications.D.Makegreatercontributionstocleanenergy.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbeusedtobestdescribeArul?A.Friendlyandwealthy.B.Lazybutcreative.C.Hardworkingbutselfish.D.Cleverandhelpful.BSometimesapersonwhothinksinanunusualwaycanlookattheworldfromadifferentpointofview.SuchwasRichardPhillipsFeynman,arolemodelchangemaker.Bornin1918,hebeganshowingsomeunusualqualities.ThefirstsignofFeynman’suniquequalitieswasthathehadn’tyetspokenbyagethree.ButyoungFeynmanshowedatalentformathandengineering.Heenjoyedrepairinghouseholdobjects,andbuiltasimplelaboratoryinhisroom.Bythetimehewasinhighschool,hewasexperimentingthingswhichwereonlytaughttocollegestudents.AfterFeynmangraduatedfromhighschoolin1939,hestudiedattheMIT.Despitethefactthathisgradesinscienceandmathwere“thebestthatwe’veseen”,accordingtoPrinceton,hewasalmostrejectedduetohisverypoorgradesinwritingandhisJewishreligion.Finally,hewasacceptedandcontinuedtostudyphysicsatPrincetonwherehegothisPhD.Hislecturesattractedmanygreatscientistsofthetime,includingAlbertEinstein.AtPrinceton,Feynmanbeganhismostfamouswork:hisworkonnuclearweapons.Hemovedtoalabandnotallofhisworktherehasbeenreleasedtothepublic,butweknowheperformedexperimentsrelatedtouranium.Afterthewar,FeynmantaughtatCornellUniversity,wherehecontinuedhisstudies.HewasalsoawardedtheNobelPrizeforhisworkinparticlephysics.
Then,in1978,Feynmandevelopedcanceranddiedayearlater.ThoughFeynmanandhisworkarehonoredbyphysicistsacrosstheworld,hispersonalqualitiesandskillsarewhatreallymakehimunique.Facedwithallthechallenges,henevergaveup,doingworkthatheloveduntilthedayhedied.5.WhatdoweknowaboutRichardPhillipsFeynmanfromthetext?A.YoungFeynmanshowedhistalentineveryfield.B.FeynmanwontheNobelPrizeafterthewarended.C.YoungFeynmanenjoyedmanaginghouseholdalot.D.Feynmanwasdiagnosedwithcanceranddiedattheageof60.6.WhywasFeynmanadmittedbyPrinceton?A.BecausehewasaJewish.B.BecausehegraduatedfromtheMIT.C.Becausehewasverygiftedinmathandscience.D.Becausehislectureattractedmanygreatscientists.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeRichardPhillipsFeynman?A.Selflessandfriendly.B.Talentedandstubborn.C.Intelligentanddevoted.D.Strong-willedandhumorous.8.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.RichardPhillipsFeynman’sUnusualQualitiesB.RichardPhillipsFeynman—ARespectedScientistC.ATouchingStoryAboutRichardPhillipsFeynmanD.TheInfluenceofRichardPhillipsFeynmanⅤ.语法填空ChineseastronautsinTiangongspace
stationopenedasciencelectureonDecember9th,2021astheytraveledaround1.Earth.There2. (be)alectureandsomeinterestingactivitiesonthatexcitingday.First,ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu,allmembersoftheShenzhou?missioncrew,greetedstudents,teachersandotherparticipantsasthelecturebeganat3:40pm.Theythenshowedviewerstheplace3. theyliveandwork.Theastronautscarriedoutexperiments4. (show)interestingphysicalphenomena(现象)inspace,5. (include)“disappearingbuoyancy(浮力)”anda“waterball”.Atlast,beforetheendofthelivestreamedactivities,they6. (happy)answeredquestionsfromstudents.7. (million)ofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsacrossChinawatchedthe60-minutetelevisedevent,whichwasthefirstlectureoftheTiangongClass,China’sfirstextraterrestrial(地球大气圈外的)lectureseriestomakestudentsinterested8. spacescience. Themannedspaceagencysaidthatmorelectureswould9. (hold)basedonthecountry’smannedspaceflightsandwouldalsobepresentedbysome10. (profession)Chineseastronauts.Suchactivitiesareintendedtospreadknowledgeaboutmannedspaceflightsforscienceamongyoungpeople. 参考答案Ⅰ.1.batteries 2.stuff 3.desire 4.shot 5.press6.compass 7.flexible 8.capableⅡ.1.pressure 2.capability 3.reality 4.flexibility5.advances 6.in 7.to 8.to 9.in 10.ofⅢ.1.Wherewasitthat 2.Withsomanythingstodo 3.ItispossibleforMiketofinish 4.aretallerthan 5.intermsofmoneyⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了Arul发明灭火器的原因、灭火器的优势及他为火灾预防与控制做出的贡献。1.A 词义猜测题。本句中的“which”指代“almost7,500,000acresofwildfiresinCaliforniaalone”。根据常识,火会摧毁建筑。故选A项。2.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“FACEhasamixtureofwaterandanenvironmentally-friendlyfireretardant”可知B项正确,故选B项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Arulisnowplanningtodeveloplargerunitsforspecificuseinforestapplications.”可知Arul正计划开发可供森林专门使用的更大的设备。故选C项。4.D 推理判断题。根据文章可知,Arul听说并亲历火灾后,为了帮助人们控制火灾,保护家园,年仅17岁的他就发明了FACE灭火器,该灭火器有很多优势。由此可以看出,Arul很聪明。此外,他还努力提高人们的火灾安全与预防意识,为防火做出了贡献。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家RichardPhillipsFeynman,介绍了他的个人经历以及取得的成就。5.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Afterthewar,FeynmantaughtatCornellUniversity,wherehecontinuedhisstudies.HewasalsoawardedtheNobelPrizeforhisworkinparticlephysics.”可知,Feynman是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despitethefactthathisgradesinscienceandmathwere‘thebestthatwe’veseen’”可知,Feynman被普林斯顿录取是因为他在数学和科学方面很有天赋。7.C 推理判断题。根据第二段以及第三段内容可知,Feynman很聪明;结合第四、五段可看出Feynman从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知,Feynman聪明且专注。8.B 主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知,作者描述了物理科学家Feynman的成长过程以及伟大成就,在最后一段点出Feynman的成就举世瞩目,被全球物理学家所敬重。由此可知,B项最符合文章标题。Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了2021年12月9日,中国宇航员在天宫空间站举行了一个科学讲座。通过此次讲座,全国学生了解到了许多太空的自然现象产生的原因,也让学生们对太空科学产生了浓厚的兴趣。1.the 考查冠词。Earth地球,世界独一无二的东西前加定冠词the。2.was 考查动词时态。根据句子中的onthatexcitingday,此处谓语动词用一般过去时。根据就近原则,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。3.where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构,先行词theplace在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。4.toshow/showing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,此处作非谓语。前面名词experiments与动词show构成主动关系,用现在分词形式showing作后置定语,或用动词不定式短语toshow作目的状语。
5.including 考查介词。此处后接名词,用介词including符合题意。6.happily 考查副词。修饰后面动词answered用副词作状语,故填happily。7.Millions 考查数词。中国数百万中小学生观看了这场60分钟的电视直播活动。millionsof数百万。8.in 考查介词。分析句子结构,make为使役动词,句中interested作宾语补足语,相当于形容词,后面接宾语应符合beinterestedin搭配。故填in。9.beheld 考查动词的被动语态。根据句意,morelectures与动词hold构成被动关系,情态动词would后接动词原形,故填beheld。10.professional 考查形容词。此处修饰后面名词astronauts用形容词作前置定语。故填professional。
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