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牛津译林模块六疑难解析（reading 和 project）
M6 U1 课文疑难解析（一）
1. If you hear a comedian telling jokes about the way people behave when they queue up in
lines, or asking why it only rains when you forget your umbrella, you are listening to an
observational comedian. (P2)
分析：此句是一个复合句，if 引导条件状语从句，主句是 you are listening to …。在此条件状
语从句中，or 连接的 telling jokes about…和 asking why…作 comedian 的宾语补足语。在第一
个宾语补足语中，people behave 是定语从句，先行词是 the way，紧接着是 when 引导的时间
状语从句；第二个宾语补足语中，why 引导的句子作 asking 的宾语，其后也有一个 when 引
导的时间状语从句。例如：
I heard Tom singing when I entered the room.
2. One little-known fact is that when Crystal is the host of the Academy Awards, he always
keeps a toothbrush in his pocket for good luck! (P2)
分析：本句中，主句是 One little-known fact is...。that 引导的从句是表语从句，其中，
when...Awards 是时间状语从句。例如：
Autuman is when fruits become ripe.
This is why he is not present at the meeting.
3. He says it is because when he started practicing stand-up as a child, he told himself jokes
while standing in front of the mirror, brushing his teeth! (P3)
分析：本句中，He says…是主句，it is…是宾语从句。在宾语从句中，because 引导的从句是
表语从句，其中，when 引导时间状语从句，主句是 he told himself jokes...；while standing in
front of the mirror 是时间状语，brushing his teeth 做伴随状语。
4. He hopes to follow in the footsteps of other famous comedians, such as Bob Hope and
George Burns, who lived to to 100 years old and kept working until the end of their lives.
(P3)
分析：本句中，主句为 He hopes to...comedians。such as...为状语。who lived....为定语从句，
修饰先行词 Bob Hope and George Burns。在此定语从句中，and 连接两个并列谓语 lived 和
kept working。
5. They say this is because when you laugh, our brain sends chemicals around your body that
are good for you. (P3)
分析：此句的主干是 They say...。this is...作 say 的宾语从句。在此宾语从句中，because 引导
的是表语从句。在表语从句中，when you laugh 是状语从句，主句是 our brain sends chemicals
around your body。其中，that are...是定语从句，先行词是 your body。
6. Whatever the reason research shows that in the end the English saying ‘Laughter is the
best medicine’ may be true after all. (P3)
分析：本句中，whatever the reason 是一个让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what the reason is,
后面省略了 is；research shows 是主句，that...是主句的宾语从句。在宾语从句中，the English
saying may be true after all 是主句，‘Laughter is the best medicine’是 the English saying 的同位
语。
M6 U1 课文疑难解析（二）
1. Both sit for a while, and shift, crossing and uncrossing legs, reading a book, writing in a
notebook, or anything else one might do on a bench.(P40)
分析：本句中，主干是Both sit for a while and shift，and连接两个并列谓语sit和shift。crossing，
uncrossing，reading 和 writing 几个并列动词短语作伴随状语，one might do on a bench 是定语
从句，修饰先行词 anything else。如：
They came in, laughing and talking.
2. You look like you are sitting on an invisible bench. (P14)
分析：本句主语为 you, 谓语动词为 look，like you are sitting on an invisible bench 为状语。like
为连词，相当于 as if / as though。
3. Mind if I sit down? (p14)
分析：此句为疑问句式的省略句，完整的句子为：Would you mind if I sit down? 或 Do you
mind if I sit down?其中，if I sit down 为条件状语。
M6 U3 课文疑难解析（一）
1. Today I would like to talk to you guys and try to accumulate some more information about
cultural differences because I have to do a piece of homework on cultural differences. (P34)
[分 析 ]本 句 中 ， 主 句 为 I would like to talk to you guys and try to accumulate some more
information about cultural differences。在主句中，and 连接两个并列谓语 would like 和 try。to
talk to you guys 是不定式短语做 would like 的宾语，guys 是 you 的同位语，它们一起做介词
to 的宾语。because 引导的是原因状语从句。about cultural differences 和 on cultural differences
都是介词短语做后置定语。
2. Well, if you had joined chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were
talking about! (P34)
[分析]本句中, if you had joined chat room ten minutes ago 为条件状语从句，you would have
known what we were talking about!为主句。在主句中，what we…为宾语从句，作 know 的宾
语。如：
If you had followed my advice, you would have succeeded.
3. I suppose Waled has already told you about the British teacher who opened the present as
soon as he was given it at eh end-of-term ceremony? (P34)
[分析]本句中，主干是 I suppose…。Suppose 后面的整个部分为宾语从句。在宾语从句中，
Waled has already told you about the British teacher 为主句，who opened the present 是定语从
句，先行词是 teacher。在定语从句中，as soon as 引导一个时间状语从句。如：
I will buy you the book as soon as I reach London.
4. Another thing is, should you come to Brunei, you would have to take off your shoes before
going into someone’s house! (P35)
[分析]本句中，主干是 Another things is…。should…是表语从句，其中，should you come to
Brunei 是条件状语从句，you would have take off…是主句。Should you come to Brunei 相当于
if you should come to Brunei。如：
Should you go fishing this afternoon, you would take an umbrella.
M6 U3 课文疑难解析（二）
1. We offer you the chance to visit different minority cultures and experience for yourself
their traditions, customs and way of life. (P46)
[分析]本句主干是 We offer you the chance，offer 接的是双宾语。后面部分是 and 连接的两个
不定式 to visit…and experience 作定语修饰 chance。如：
The situation offers us the opportunity to learn more.
2. The Inuit live in small family groups but have large summer gatherings for feasts and
celebrations where they swap stories. (P46)
[分析]本句中，主语是 The Inuit，live in small family groups but have large summer gatherings
是由连词 but 连接的两个动词短语。for feasts and celebrations 是介词短语作定语，修饰
gatherings；where they swap stories 是定语从句，修饰 gathering。
3. You will have the opportunity to take part in the drumming and dancing, and listen to
traditional accounts of bravery as well as play games. (P46)
[分析]本句主干是 You will have the opportunity，to take part in the ….是不定式短语作后置定
语，修饰 the opportunity。如：
I'd like to take this opportunity to thank all of you for coming.
4. While dancing you may even be asked to wear a special animal dance mask which is
usually carved from food. (P46)
[分析]本句主干是 you may even be asked to…。While dancing 是状语从句，是 While you are
dancing 的省略形式；在主句中，to wear...作宾语，其中，定语从句 which is usually carved from
food.修饰 mask。如：
Even if invited, I won’t go to her party.
While crossing the street, you should be careful.
5. On this trip you will get to learn about Aboriginal musical instruments, like didgeridoos,
and one of the weapons they use to hunt animals, the boomerang. (P47)
[分析]本句是复合句，主干是 you will get to learn about Aboriginal musical instruments and one
of the weapons。On this trip 是介词短语作状语；like didgeridoos 是介词短语作定语，补充说
明 instruments；定语从句 they use to hunt animals 修饰 weapons，to hunt animals 是不定式短
语作动词 use 的目的状语；the boomerang 为 one of the weapons 的同位语。
6. There you will eat food such as fish and kumara (sweet potato) which is cooked by
wrapping them in leaves and steaming them over hot stones. (P47)
[分析]本句主句是 you will eat food such as fish and kumara (sweet potato)。定语从句 which is
cooked…over hot stones 修饰 fish and kumara；by wrapping them in leaves and steaming them
over hot stones 是介词短语作状语，说明 cook 的方法。其中，and 连接 wrapping…和 steaming
作 by 的并列宾语。
7. You will take part in the Sun Dance which is a very important ceremony and you will also
see natives smoking a peace pipe. (P47)
[分析]本句是由 and 连接的并列复合句。在第一个句子中，定语从句 which is a very important
ceremony 修饰 the Sun Dance；在第二个句子中，see 引导一个宾补结构，smoking a peace pipe
是补语。如：
I saw Tom singing when I passed his window.
M6 U4 课文疑难解析（一）
1. The UN is an international group made up of countries that want to increase peace, and I
am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them. (P50)
分析：此句为由 and 连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中 The UN is an international group 是主
句，made up of“由……组成”，是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 group。That want to increase
peace 是定语从句，修饰 countries。在第二个分句中，to have been chosen“被选为……”是
不定式完成时的被动语态。如：
Our school is make up of 600 teachers.
2. Being a Goodwill Ambassador means that I visit countries where the UN operates
programmes to help people. (P50)
分析：此句中，Being a Goodwill Ambassador means 是主句；that I visit countries…是宾语从
句，其中又包含一个定语从句 where the UN operates programmes to help people，修饰
countries。如：
I mean going to school right now.
3. Watch any TV report on places where there is a war, and you will see soldiers wearing
blue berets. (P50)
分析：本句是由 and 连接的并列句，第一个分句为祈使句，其中，where there is a war 为定
语从句，修饰 places。在第二个分句中，wearing blue berets 为宾语补足语。如：
When I passed the her window, I heard her singing.
4. My job with the UN is not paid, but voluntary and as I said before, I mainly visit countries
where the UN has programmes to help people. (P51)
分析：此句为由 and 连接的并列复合句。在第一个分句中，not paid, but voluntary 意为“不
是有偿的，而是自愿的”，句子中的 not…but…为并列连词，连接两个相等的成分，意为“不
是……而是……”。第二个分句中，as I said before 是非限制性定语从句，主语 I mainly visit
countries…中又包含一个限制性定语从句 where the UN has programmes to help people，修饰
countries。
5. Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with
other problems such as lack of education, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease. (P51)
分析：本句主句是 the UN helps countries with other problems。Apart from...是介词短语作状语，
caused by wars and conflicts 是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 problems。
M6 U4 课文疑难解析（二）
1. Usually, I am working in areas that have no water such as Kenya and Sudan, where
famine is the problem. (P62)
分析：I am working in areas 为主句，that have no water…是限制性定语从句，修饰 areas；where
famine is the problem 是非限制性定语从句，修饰 Kenya and Sudan。
2. In Sundan, we set up feeding centres to ensure that people got food and we checked the
health of babies to make sure they were putting on weight. (P62)
分析：此句是由 and 连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，we set up feeding centres 是句子的主
干，不定式 to ensure 与其宾语从句 that people got food 共同构成不定式短语作目的状语；在
第二个分句中，we checked the health of babies 是句子的主干，不定式 to make sure 与其定语
从句 they were putting on weight 共同构成不定式短语作目的状语。如：
Father makes sure that all the lights are off before he goes to bed.
3. It reminded me of my time in Sudan, where several MSF staff were attacked as people
tried to get the food. (P63)
分析：It reminded me of my time in Sudan 是主句，where…是非限制性定语从句，修饰 Sudan，
as people tried to get the food 是定语从句中的时间状语从句。
4. When you can’t speak the same language, it is sometimes very difficult to find out what is
wrong with someone. (P63)
分析：本句是复合句，when you can’t speak the same language 是时间状语从句。it is…是主句，
it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to find out…。其中，what is…是 find out 的宾语从句。
5. I know I can’t change the world completely, but I’m proud that I can help here and there,
and make a difference to people’s lives on an individual level. (P63)
分析：此句是一个并列句，由 but 连接。在第二个分句中，I’m proud 是主句，that I can help
here and there, and make a difference to people’s lives on an individual level 是原因状语从句，
here and there 是固定短语，在句子中作状语。
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