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Unit8SectionA(Grammarfocus–4c)学习目标：★知识目标掌握现在完成时的用法★能力目标正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时正确运用for和since的用法★情感目标正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。★学习过程Step1Groupwork出示下面的典型例句，让学生们先自己观察句子结构，对比现在完成时和一般过去时的不同。1.—Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？—I’vehaditforthreeyears.我买了三年了。2.Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset?他的儿子拥有这套轨道火车多长时间了？He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.自他四岁生日起，他就拥有了它。3.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?你曾经踢过足球吗？Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven’tplayedforawhilenow.是的，当我很小时就踢过，但是现在我有好长一段时间没有踢了。Step2精讲点拨现在完成时表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。e.g.Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryfortenyears.=Myunclehasworkedatthisfactorysincetenyearago.I’ve lived here since 1990．自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 I haven’t seen him for three years.3
我三年没有看见他了。 She’s been at this school since five years ago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。歌诀：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀:过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带句中动词的特点此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）1.这本书我买了5年了。Ihaveboughtthebookforfiveyears.()I’vehadthebookforfiveyears.()2.你哥哥参军多长时间了？Howlonghasyourbrotherjoinedthearmy?()Howlonghasyourbrotherbeeninthearmy/beenasoldier?()非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换1.转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。borrow—keepbuy—haveputon—wearcatchacold—haveacoldgettoknow—knowgettosleep—sleep2.转化为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin/start—beongoout—beoutclose—beclosedopen—beopengetto/arrive/reach—be(in)die—bedeadleave—beawayfinish—beoverfallsleep—beasleepjoin—bein/beamemberofbecome—bemakefriends—befriendscome/go—be+相应的介词短语Step34aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreeyearsago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreeyears.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhavebeenhungryfortenhours/sincetenhoursago.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.3
4.IknowAnn.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.Step44bFillintheblankswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I__________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_____________(neverown)anypets,butthey___________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.3.We________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We______(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy__________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They_______(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum__________(be)hereforover20years.It______(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.Step5Groupwork4cFillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)_______?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)_______?Howlonghaveyouownedit? ThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookbasketballfortwoyearssincehewas10yearsoldStudent1 Student2 3
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