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Unit 2 Sporting第3课时教学设计（牛津译林版必修4）
资料简介
Unit 2 Sporting
课题
Unit 2 Sporting events
课型
复习课
教学目标
阅读能力的提升，限时训练
重点
限时阅读2,4,6
难点
限时阅读
教法
讲授法、讨论法、探究法
教
学
过
程
教 学 内 容
个案调整
教师主导活动
学生主体活动
Third period
Reading strategies: reading a speech
A speech is a formal talk a person gives to an audience. A good speech should keep the audience interested in all the time. To achieve this, the speaker may tell an interesting story, use quotations or present statistics. Asking questions can also be very helpful. In this text, Mr Johnson asks several questions. He does not expect this audience to actually answer the questions; however, he does want to get their brains working. When you read the speech, you need to think of the answers to the questions the speaker asks. All these questions are related to the main topic and by answering them you can follow the speaker’s train of thought.
That is: A good speech should keep the audience interested in all the time.
Tell: an interesting story
Use: quotations or present statistics
Asking questions can also very helpful.
（2010•江西E篇)
Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it. It is not the amazing complexity of television, nor the impressive technology of transport. The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise with our mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other’s minds. This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle (奇迹) it is.
Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animal. Of course, some animals have powers just as amazing, Birds can fly thousands miles by observing positions of the stars in the sky in relation to the time of day and year. In Nature’s talent show, humans are a species of animal that have developed their own special act. If we reduce it to basic terms, it’s an ability for communicating information to others, by varying sounds we make as we breathe out.
Not that we don’t have other powers of communication. Our facial
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expressions convey ouremotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment. The way we hold our heads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad. This is so-called “body language”. Bristling (直立的) fur is an unmistakable warning of attack among many animals. Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering.
Such a means of communication is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, instinctively acquire and display. Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skills? Biologist can readily indicate that particular area of our brain where speech mechanisms function, but this doesn’t tell us how that part of our bodies originated in our biological history.
本文是介绍关于人类使用语言的能力的说明文, 阐述人区分动物的特殊能力及其相似性。
A) 72. According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is ________.
A. our ability to use language B. the miracle of technology
C. the amazing power of nature D. our ability to make noises with mouth
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句话The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other’s minds.可知: 我们把使用语言的能力这个奇迹当做理所当然。B, C选项与文章不符, 在第一段第二句话中可得知。D选项易误导学生, 在文章中虽然有原话, 但一句话没有说完, 关键是通过嘴巴发出的声音去给其他人传递信息。故D选项也是错误的。
D) 73. What feature of “body language” mentioned in the passage is common to both human and animals?
A. Lifting heads when sad. B. Keeping long faces when angry.
C. Bristling hair when ready to attack.D. Bowing heads when willing to obey.
解析：细节题。根据第三段最后一句话“Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows …”可知答案。A和B选项描绘的是人的肢体语言特征。C 选项描绘的是动物的肢体语言。
D) 74. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A. Body language is unique to humans.
B. Animals express emotions just as humans do.
C. Humans have other powers of communication.
D. Humans are no different from animals to some degree.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段后三句话可知: 人类在某种程度上和动物没有不同。从段落中可得知A, B, C 均与文章不符。
C) 75. This passage is mainly about _________.
A. the development of body language.
B. the special role humans play in nature
C. the power to convey information to others
D. the difference between humans and animals in language use
解析：主旨大意题。整篇文章谈论的都是给他人传递信息的力量,
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使用语言的能力。A, B选项文章未提及. D选项较片面, 文章第三段中提到了相似点和差异二种。
Did you know that women’s brains are smaller than men’s? The average women’s brain weighs 10% less than men’s. Since research has shown that the bigger the brain, the cleverer the animal, men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women. Right? Wrong. Men and women always score similarly on intelligence tests, despite the difference in brain size. Why? After years of study, researchers have concluded that it’s what’s inside that matters, not just the size of the brain. The brain consists of “grey matter” and “white matter”. While men have more of the latter, the amount of “thinking” brain is almost exactly the same in both sexes.
It has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster, perhaps because the two sides of the brain are better connected in women. This means that little girls tend to learn to speak earlier, and that women can understand sorts of information from different sources at the same time. When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time, it’s women who come out on top every time.
There are other important differences between two sexes. As white matter is the key to spatial(空间的) tasks, men know better where things are in relation to other things. “A great footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players, and he knows where to go,” says one researcher. That may explain one of life’s great mysteries: why men refuse to ask for directions … and women often need to!
The differences begin when fetuses(胎儿) are about nine weeks old, which can be seen in the action of children as young as one. A boy would try to climb a barrier (障碍物) before him or push it down while a girl would attract help from others. These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills. It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先), among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt, according to one research.
If all this disappoints you, it shouldn’t. “The brain changes throughout our lives according to what we do with it.” says a biologist.
1. Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?
A. Women’s brain is 10% less than men’s B. Grey matter plays the same role as white matter.
C. Grey matter controls thinking in the brain. D. Both sexes have the same amount of white matter.
解析：答案：C. 推理判断 解析：由第一段最后两句可知。尽管男人有更多的后者（白质）,但是大脑的思考部分（当然是灰质）的量男女几乎完全相等。A有很大的迷惑性,但仔细一看文章中说的是平均。
2. What can we infer from the second and third paragraphs?
A. Women prefer doing many things at a time. B. Men do better dealing with one job at a time.
C. Women do not need to tell directions. D.Men have weaker spatial abilities.
解析：答案：B. 推理判断 解析：可采用排除法。女人在同时完成多项任务上有优势,并不是说女人喜欢同时干许多事情,因此A 错。C 、D明显与文章内容不符
3. Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth
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paragraph?
A. Young boys may be stronger than young girls.
B. More women take up jobs requiring speech skills
C. Women may have stronger feelings than men.
D. Our ancestors needed more spatial skills.
解析：答案：B. 推理判断 解析：由more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills, while more women speech skills（while more women take up jobs that require speech skills.）一句可知
4. What is the writer’s attitude in writing this passage?
A. Defensive. B. Persuasive. C. Supportive. D. Objective.
解析：答案：D. 作者态度判断 解析：作者以科学研究结果为依据,未参杂个人观点。
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