资料简介
.
the Passive Voice
（被动语态）
文综之家 http://www.sdwzzj.cn
通过视频导入：
被动语态的应用
The flowers
What does she do
every day?
every day.are wateredby her
She waters the flowers every day.
主 谓 宾
后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态
(及物动词)
be + P.P.
被动语态的基本结构:
有各种时态的变化
考点一:
[1]. Now English ____ by more and
more people all over the word.
A. speaks
B. is spoken
C. was spoken
一般现在时的被动语态：
am / is / are + PP
task
（一）
1.We like Miss Lin Very much.
Miss Lin ____ _______ by us very
much.
2.Many young people love Jay
Chou’ songs.
Jay Chou’s songs ____ ______ by
many young people.
is liked
are loved
时态:
结构： am / is / are + done
一般现在时
把下列句子改为被动语态：
[2]. The lost boy ____ at the
street corner last night.
A. was found
B. is found
C. was looked for
一般过去时的被动语态：
was / were + PP
task
（二）
1.The man repaired the car yesterday.
The car ____ _________ by the man
yesterday.
2.Mr Song encouraged us to study
hard last week.
We ____ ____________ to study
hard by Miss Peng last week.
was repaired
were encouraged
时态
:结构： was/were + done
一般过去时
把下列句子改为被动语态：
[3]. Many houses ____ in the
future.
A. will build
B. will be built
C. are built
一般将来时的被动语态：
will + be + PP
be going to + be + PP
task
(三)
1.The city will build the new airport
next year.
The new airport _____ ____ _______
next year.
2.Huidong Middle School is going to
send two students to Hongkong to
study.
Two students____ ____ ____ ____ ____
to Hongkong to study.
will be
are be
时态:
结构：will /be going to + be +done
一般将来时
built
going to sent
[4]. The rooms ____ by some
workers now.
A. are being painted
B. are painted
C. are painting
现在进行时的被动语态：
am/is/are + being+ PP
[5]. The trees ____ by some
workers at 8 yesterday afternoon.
A. are being watered
B. are watered
C. are watering
过去进行时的被动语态：
was/were + being+ PP
[6]. Three bridges ____ since last
year.
A. have built
B. were built
C. have been built
现在完成时的被动语态：
have / has + been + PP
task
(六)
1.Li Ming has already watered some
flowers.
Some flowers ____ ____ ________by Li
Ming already.
2.They have sold out the light green
dress.
The light green dress ________
_________ ___________ out.
havebeen
has
时态:
结构：Have/has + been +done
现在完成时
watered
been sold
[7]. Flowers ____ every day.
A. has been watered
B. should be watered
C. should water
含有情态动词的被动语态：
情态动词 + be + PP
含有情态动词的被动语态：
情态动词 + be + donedone
1. You mustn’t clean the room today.
The room______ __ ______ by you today.
2.We should finish our homework on
time.
Our homework_____ ___ ______
by us on time.
mustn’t
should
结构：
be cleaned
be finished
Part 3
被动语态的时态的变
化请看视频了解一下
一般现在时：
一般过去时：
一般将来时：
现在进行时:
过去进行时：
情态动词:
am/is /are + done
情态动词+be+done
will + be + done
was/were + done
以下时态的被动语态构成以下时态的被动语态构成
Summary
现在完成时： has / have + been + done
Task 4
am/is/are+ being + done
was/were+ being + done
表格：被动态基本结构
时态 被动语态结构
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在进行时
过去进行时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在完成时
过去完成时
am/is/are done
was/were done
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
will/be going to be done
would be done
have/has been done
had been done
考点二:
被动语态中的特殊情况:
思考思考1: 1: 判断下列句子的正误判断下列句子的正误
1.It will happen in 50 years. ( )
2.It will be happened in 50 years. ( )
√
x
注意问题注意问题11：：
不及物动词没有被动语态，如：
happen, take place , begin ,
become、dissappear, come out.
..
思思考考2: 2: 选择选择
1. 1. ① The pen ___well. The pen ___well. ②②This pen ___ well.
A . is written B . writes A . is written B . writes A. is sold B. sells
2.The music ___ nice. 2.The music ___ nice.
A . sounds B . is sounded A . sounds B . is sounded
B
A
有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义注意问注意问题题22：：
1.read,sell, last, wash, write等带状语
（well, easily)时。如:Her book sells well.
2.感官动词feel, look, smell, sound, taste
等与形容词连用时。
如：The cake tastes delicious.
B
[7]. Many people ___ during the earthquake
in May, 2008.
A. were died
B. dead
C. died
happen, last, die等动词不使用被动.
注意问题注意问题33：：
思考思考4: 4: 把主动语态变为被动语态把主动语态变为被动语态
•I saw him fall off the tree.
•He ____ ____ ____ fall off the tree.was seen to
注意问注意问题题44：：
一些动词如（如： make, see, hear,
watch 等），后接宾语补足语为不带
“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上
“to”。 挑战
[9]. Children should ___.
A. take good care of
B. be taken good care
C. be taken good care of
固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或
副词
注意问题注意问题55：：
被动语态的特殊用法
如：如：1.He 1.He gavegave meme a book. a book.
－－II was given a book by him. was given a book by him. （以（以II做主语）做主语）
－－A bookA book was given was given toto me by Tom. me by Tom. （以物（以物bookbook作主语）作主语）
2.He teaches 2.He teaches usus EnglishEnglish. .
－－WeWe are taught English by him. are taught English by him. （以人当主语）（以人当主语）
－－EnglishEnglish is taught is taught toto us by him. us by him. （以物作主语）（以物作主语）
带双宾语句子的被动语态带双宾语句子的被动语态..（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，
指人的宾语叫间接宾语）指人的宾语叫间接宾语）
常见的接双宾语的动词有常见的接双宾语的动词有::
to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand
for: make, buy, draw, sing, get, for: make, buy, draw, sing, get,
以以““人人””当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；
以以““物物””当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加toto或或
for.for.
注意问题注意问题66：：
注意问题注意问题55：：
It is said that…=It is said to be…
据说……
It is reported / believed that…
据报道/据认为…
It is hoped that…
希望……
It is well known that…
众所周知……
填空（完成被动语态填空）填空（完成被动语态填空）
1. They often clean their classroom after 1. They often clean their classroom after
school . school . （改为被动语态）（改为被动语态）
Their classroom _____ often ______ by Their classroom _____ often ______ by
them after school. them after school.
2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week .
（同上）（同上）
A new pen _____ _______ _____ Tom last A new pen _____ _______ _____ Tom last
week . week .
isis cleanedcleaned
was given towas given to
PracticePractice
3. A lot of people in China can speak English now . 3. A lot of people in China can speak English now .
（同上）（同上）
English ______ ____ ______ by a lot of people in English ______ ____ ______ by a lot of people in
China now. China now.
4. I have learned English for about two years. 4. I have learned English for about two years.
（同上）（同上）
English ______ ______ ______ for about two years. English ______ ______ ______ for about two years.
5. They will publish these story-books next 5. They will publish these story-books next
month. month. （同上）（同上）
These story-books _____ _____ _____ next month. These story-books _____ _____ _____ next month.
can be spokencan be spoken
has been learnedhas been learned
will be publishedwill be published
6. Another man-made satellite
was sent up into space by
them last week (2017年改编）
—— —— —— another man-
made satellite into space
last week.变主动语态
They sent up
对口升学题对口升学题
8. They grow vegetables on
the farm.
Vegetables _______ ______on
the farm（2016考题改编）
are grown
对口升学题对口升学题
8.People there planted
many trees last year.
Many trees _____ _____
by people there last year.
(2017考题改编）
were planted
对口升学题对口升学题
1.Our school _____in 2002.(开办)
2.The young trees must____ ____
_____ ______ well.(照顾)
3. _____ this building
_________(建成)last year?
was opened
be looked after
Was
built
完成下列句子：完成下列句子：
4.The book _____ _______(写)by
him last year.
5. The bridge _______ _______(不
建造)in1989..
6.The 29th Olympic Games
will___ ____ (举行) in UK in 2012.
was written
wasn’t built
be held
完成下列句子：完成下列句子：
用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空
1. When _____ the first man-made satellite 1. When _____ the first man-made satellite
_______ _______ （（sendsend））up into space ? up into space ?
2. Last year vegetables _______ (grow 2. Last year vegetables _______ (grow））in in
the garden by Tom and he ______ the garden by Tom and he ______
(sell(sell））them himself. them himself.
3. She ______ 3. She ______ （（helphelp））him with his him with his
homework tomorrow evening. homework tomorrow evening.
用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空
4. How many magazines ______4. How many magazines ______（（
can borrowcan borrow））in your library every in your library every
week ? week ?
5. John ______5. John ______（（hearhear））to go to go
upstairs two hours ago. upstairs two hours ago.
6. 6. －－Who ______ Who ______ （（savesave））her father her father
? ?
－－He __He __（（savesave））by that by that
policeman. policeman.
一 用适当的形式填空
1 History is _________ by the people.
( make)
2 He is often ___________ to do the
work by the teacher. (ask)
3 The book ___________ by him last
year. ( write )
4 The radio ______________ last week.
( mend)
made
asked
was written
was
mended
一 用适当的形式填空
5 Some trees ________________ on
the hill already. (plant)
6 A new subway _____________
(build) next year.
7 She ______________ (take) to
the hospital already.
have been planted
will be built
has been taken
一 用适当的形式填空
8 Thousands of satellites ______________
(send) up into the space so far.
9 They said they _________________ (invite)
to the party already.
10 The trains ______________( produce) in
Zhuzhou.
11 Young trees should ____________(water)
often.
have been sent
had been invited
are produced
be watered
[8]. The man ____ clean the toilet because
he ___ rubbish when the police walked
past the park.
A. was made; was seen to throw
B. was made to; was seen throwing
C. made; saw
see / hear sb. do sth
be seen / heard to do sth
see / hear sb. doing sth.
be seen / heard doing sth.
make sb.do sth.
be made to do sth.
主动:
被动:
主动:
被动:
主动:
被动:
[10]. Your desk ___.
A. needs repair
B. needs repairing
C. needs to repair
need, allow 可以用-ing形式表示被动
need to be done = need doing
be allowed to do = allow doing
练习：将下列句子变为被动句。
1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully.
2.The mother looked after the baby in the
room.
3.We took care of the things.
4.They gave us some work.
5.The boy made them laugh all the time.
6.My mother buys me a bike.
His father is listened to carefully by Li Lei .
The baby was looked after in the room.
The things were taken care of by us.
We were given some work.
Some work was given to us by them.
They were made to laugh all the time.
A bike is bought for me.
5、常见的被动结构：
（1）.be covered with
被……覆盖
（2）.be made of
由……制作（发生物理变化）
be made from
由……制作（发生化学变化）
be made in
在（某地）制造
be made by
被（某人）制造
3）be used for
被用来……
be used as
被当作(作为)……来使用
be used to do sth．
被用来做某事
（4）.It is said that… 据说……
It is reported / believed that…
据报道/据认为…
It is hoped that… 希望……
It is well known that… 众所周知……
一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态
We speak English.
主
语
谓
语
宾
语
English is spoken by us.
主
语
谓
语
宾
语
宾变主,主变宾,前加by
主动语态
主变被解题步骤:
1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者
They make shoes in that factory .
Shoes
2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数.
are
were
3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态.
4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词
mad
e
5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语/ 宾语.
by them in that
factory.
1. Tom broke the window.
The window was broken by Tom.
2.He broke the windows.
The windows were broken by him.
Be要随着主语变
逻辑主语by来引
被动语态的大体构成：
Be + PP（过去分词）
主动语态变被动之歌：
被动语态强调宾，be后加上过去分。
Be要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
行为对象作主语， 逻辑主语by来引。
1. They make shoes in that factory.
主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that
factory.
一般现在时被动结构：
am/is /are +过去分词
Exercise:
HeHe rides rides the motorbike to his factory every the motorbike to his factory every
day.day.
The motorbike The motorbike is riddenis ridden to his factory every day to his factory every day..
Exercise:
We We call call the snowman Mr. the snowman Mr.
Strong.Strong.
The snowman The snowman is calledis called Mr. Mr.
Strong.Strong.
2. They bought ten computers last
term．
Ten computers were bought (by
them) last term.
一般过去时被动结构：
was/were +过去分词
Exercise:
He He bought bought some fruits yesterday.some fruits yesterday.
Some fruits Some fruits were boughtwere bought yesterday. yesterday.
Some workers are painting the
rooms now．
The rooms are being painted by some
workers now.
现在进行时被动结构：
am/is/are + being +PP
Exercise:
TheyThey are holdingare holding a sports meeting now.a sports meeting now.
A sports meetingA sports meeting is being heldis being held (by them) now.(by them) now.
Exercise:
They are playing volleyball now.
Volleyball is being played (by them)
now
各种时态的被动情况：
一般现在时：
一般过去时：
现在进行时：
过去进行时：
现在完成时：
过去完成时：
一般将来时：
过去将来时：
情态动词变被动：
am / is / are done
was / were done
am / is / are being done
was / were being done
have / has been done
had been done
shall / will be done
be going to be done
would/should +be+ done
情态动词+be+ done
Exercise: Pick out the passive voice
We have an old musical
instrument. It was called
clavichord It was made in 1681.
Our clavichord is kept in the
living room. It has belonged to
our family for a long time. The
instrument was bought by my
grandfather many years ago.
Recently it was damaged by a
visitor.
Exercise: Pick out the passive voice
She tried to play jazz on it!
She struck the keys too hard
and two of the strings were
broken. My father was
shocked. We aren’t
allowed to touch it. Now it
is being repaired by a friend
of my father’s.
Exercises:
1. Windows of glass.
A. be made B. is made C. are made
D. been made
2. The house in 2004.
A. is built B. is building C. was built D. used
3. A coat can for keeping warm.
1. be used B. is used C. been used D. used
C
C
A
4. Watches____ Shanghai.
A. are made in B. is made
C. are made from D. made
5. This desk is made _____ wood.
A. of B. from C. in D. by
6.The things on show were ____ the old days.
A. used B. used to C. used for D. used
in
7. Silk _____ in Hangzhou and Suzhou
A. is produced B. are produced
C. produced D. is produces
A
A
D
A
1. I was given a book by him. (间
宾作主）
He gave me a book. (变被动）
主语 谓语 间
宾
直宾
2. A book was given to me
by him.
My mother bought me a birthday cake.
主语 谓语 间
宾
直宾
1. I was bought a birthday
cake by my mother.
2. A birthday cake was bought for
me by my mother.
带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：
原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。
间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。
直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。
变为被动时，间宾前加to 的带有
双宾语的动词有：14个
bring, teach, pass, hand, give,
lend, refuse,leave, promise,
tell, return, show, send ,
write.
变为被动时，间宾前加for 的带有双宾语
的动词有：5个buy, get, do, pay,
sing.
把下列句子变为主动语态：
1.They made shoes in that factory.
2.They will make shoes in that factory.
3.They would make shoes in that factory.
4.They can make shoes in that factory.
5.They have made shoes in that factory.
6.They had made shoes in that factory.
7.They are making shoes in that factory.
8.They were making shoes in that factory
We usuallyWe usually hear hear himhim play play in the next in the next
roomroom..
HeHe isis usually usually heardheard to to playplay in the next in the next
room.room.
１ 带复合宾语的被动语态结构．
make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do
sth.
Mr Green made Jim do his homework
at home.
Jim was made to do his homework
by Mr Green at home.
watch let havehear see
notice
原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。
间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。
直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或 for。
情态动词变被动，情态加be加过分。
1.Our school _____ ＿＿＿＿in 2002.(开办)
2.The young trees must______ ______ ______
well.(照顾)
3. _____ this building_________( 建成)last year?
4.The book _____ _______( 写)by him last year.
5. The bridge _______ _______( 不建造)in1989..
6.The 29th Olympic Games will____ ______
(举行) in Beijing in 2008.
was opened
be looked after
Wa
s
built
was written
wasn’t built
be held
1.People use knives for cutting
things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting
things.
2.The students clean the windows
of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their
classroom______ _______ twice a
month.
are used
are cleaned
(变被动语态）七嘴八舌
3.I found the ticket on the floor.
______ ______ ______ ______ on the
floor.
4.I told her to return the book in
time.
She ______ _______ to return the book
in time.
The ticket was found
was told
3. We found the ticket on the floor .
5. His doctor made him have only two
meals a day.
He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two
meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help
them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help
them.
was made to have
can be used
7. Did you plant many trees at this
time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this
time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
_______ our work______ _______ today?
Were many trees planted
Must be finished
9. The foreign friends gave us
some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some
wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps
_______ ________ _______ _______.
we were given
were given to us
10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the
computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the
computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the
work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by
women in this factory.
was asked
is done
12.He can mend the bike in two
days.
The bike ______ ______
_______ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine
three times a day.
This medicine _______ _______
________ three times a day.
can be mended
must be
taken
14.The students in this school study
German.
German _______ ________ by the students
in this school.
15.Do they often talk about this
question?
______ this question often _______ about
_______ _______?
is studied
Is
talked by them
Answer right or wrong
• 1.必须照看好孩子们。
• The children must be taken good care .( )
• The children must be taken good care of .( )
• 2.这本书是鲁迅写的。
• This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( )
• This book was written by Lu Xun.( )
• 3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。
• That pencil was given me by him yesterday.(
)
• That pencil was given to me by him
yesterday.( )
W
R
W
R
W
R
•4.这辆自行车能修吗？
•Can this bike mended?( )
•Can this bike be mended?( )
•5.街道已由他们清理了。
•The street has been cleaned by
they.( )
•The street has been cleaned by
them.( )
W
R
W
R
动词短语的被动语态动词短语的被动语态
take care of take care of → → be taken care ofbe taken care of
cut down cut down → → be cut downbe cut down
laugh at laugh at → → be laughed atbe laughed at
look after look after → → be looked afterbe looked after
They made shoes in that factory.
They will make shoes in that factory.
They would make shoes in that factory.
They can make shoes in that factory.
They have made shoes in that factory.
They had made shoes in that factory.
They are making shoes in that factory.
They were making shoes in that factory.
一感二听三使四看
feel / hear listen/ make have
let/ look see watch notice
这十大动词在主动句中动词用原
形，但在变为被动语态时必须加
上to
使用口诀：
感使动词真奇怪， to在句子像妖怪。
主动句里to 走开，被动句里to回来。
动词let要除外， to词可来可不来。
Bob sent Kate a letter last year.
=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.
=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last
year.
tell ask bring
write
give teach pass lend
…to
He told Jim a story.
Mum made me a new dress.
I was made a new dress by Mum.
A new dress was made for me by Mum.
make
buy
draw
…for
I bought my brother a book.
They said that he would come back
soon.It was said that he would come back soon.
类似的还有：
It is reported /
believed /
hoped /
supposed that ......
We
report
1). 不及物动词没有被动语态。
如：belong, happen, take place,
last, come true, remain, succeed,
fall, die, arrive, 等。
* That bike doesn’t belong to
Mike.
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