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数词详解

  • 2021-01-19
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数词 一 、数词和的构成 (一)数词的分类:数词分为基数词和序数词。 基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后 顺序,往往与定冠词the 连用。 1.基数词的构成 (1)0—12单独记。如: zero, one, two, three等。 (2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如:fourteen, seventeen等,但13—thirteen,15—fifteen,18— eighteen需要特殊记。 (3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。 20—twenty,30—thirty,40—forty,50—fifty ,80—eighty等。 (4)“几十几”要加连字符号“­”。 48—forty­eight, 97—ninety­seven等。 (5)“几百几十”或者“几百几十几”在“百”后 加and。 156—one hundred and fifty­six, 509—five hundred and nine。 2、再次观察表格归纳: 1)基数词13-19,由后缀________构成,注 意:thirteen, _________, ______ ___ 有变化; 2)基数词20-90等整十位数,由后缀 ________构成,注意:thirty, __________, ________,__________有变化。 teen fifteen eighteen ty forty fifty eighty (6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律: 用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号,第一个逗号 读作thousand(千),第二个逗号读作million(百万) ,第三个逗号读作billion(十亿),hundred后莫忘 “and”。 3,610=three thousand six hundred and ten; 94,295=ninety­four thousand two hundred and ninety­five; 274,350=two hundred and seventy­four thousand three hundred and fifty等。 【巧学妙记】 100以内的基数词 基数词不难记,找清规律很容易, 十二以内词各异,十三数到十九来,teen莫忘记。 二十、三十……至九十,尾巴要把ty加。 要说“几十几”,中间“­”别丢弃。 若说几百几十几,百位十位用and。 以上用法要记住,用时千万莫大意。 2.序数词的构成first 1st second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th fifth 5th sixth 6th seventh 7th eighth 8th ninth 9th tenth 10th eleventh 11th twelfth 12th thirteenth 13th fourteenth 14th fifteenth 15th sixteenth 16th seventeenth 17th eighteenth 18th nineteenth 19th twentieth 20th twenty­first 21st twenty­second 22nd thirtieth 30th fortieth 40th fiftieth 50th sixtieth 60th seventieth 70th eightieth 80th ninetieth 90th hundredth 100th one hundred and first 101st first 1st second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th fifth 5th sixth 6th seventh 7th eighth 8th ninth 9th tenth 10th eleventh 11th twelfth 12th thirteenth 13th fourteenth 14th fifteenth 15th sixteenth 16th seventeenth 17th eighteenth 18th nineteenth 19th twentieth 20th (1)“第一”、“第二”、“第三”分别是 first, second, third。 (2)“第四”到“第十九”除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外,其余的都在 相应基数词后面加“th”构成。如:fourth。 (3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y 为i,再加“­eth”。如:thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。 (4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第 一百万millionth。 (5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时,只 变化个位数。如:twenty­one→twenty­first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。 基数词变序数词的巧记口诀: 基变序,有规律, 一、二、三特殊记, first, second, 和third , 从四开始加th, 八去t,九去e, 五和十二变ve为f再加­th, 整十变y为ie再加­th, 若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。 专题四 数词 归纳:记忆技巧 基变序,有规律,词尾加上______; (fourth,sixth)一、二、三,特殊记, 结尾字母st,nd,rd;(first,second, third) 八____,九去___,(eighth, ninth)ve要用____替;(fifth, twelfth)ty将y改成 ____,再加th,若是碰 到几十几,只要变个位就可以。 th t efie 【提醒】￿(1)序数词前要加定冠词the,若序数词前 有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时省略the。 Bill is my first pen pal. 比尔是我的第一个笔友。 (2)序数词前加a/an表示“又一,再一”。 Even though the Browns have three children,they still want a fourth one. 尽管布朗夫妇已有三个孩子,可他们还想再要一个。 2.表编号 结构: 名词(首字母要大写) + 基数词 = the +序数词 +名词 Lesson One = the first lesson Page 5(five)=the fifth page Room 21(twenty-one) =the twenty-first room 3.时刻表示 时间表达.pptx 4.年月表示法 1.世纪=定冠词+序数词+century表示,也可以 用定冠词+百位进数+`s表示 the sixth/6th century=the 500’s 公元六世纪 the 1900`s 二十世纪 the 1600`s 十七世纪 2. 年代用定冠词+基数词+十位整数的所有格或 复数形式构成 in the 1930`s/in the 1930s(in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties) 在二十世纪三十年代;在十九世纪六十年代 5.日期 在具体哪一天要添加介词on。 National Day is on Oct. 1. (October first也可以表示为 National Day is on the 1st of October.) May 5(th) 五月五日(读作May fifth) 也可以表示为the fifth(5th)of May Mar. 1(st)(读作March first或 the first of March) ( )1. There are ______ days in a week(海淀区)A. the seven B. seventh C. the seventh D. seven( )2. December is the ______ month in a year. (吉林) A. twenty B. twelve C. twelfth D. twentieth . 3.分数的构成 分数是由基数词作分子,序数词做分母构 成的。除了分子是“1”的情况外,序数词 都要用复数。 1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths 注意 一些特殊的分数表达法:a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourths 专项集训 1.(2016年衡阳)—Hi,Andy! There are ______ floors in this building. Which floor do you live on? —I live on the ______ floor. A. thirty; twenty­second B. thirty; twenty­ two C. thirtieth; twenty­two 2.(2016年湘潭) vistors come to Shaoshan to celebrate Chairman Mao’s birthday on December 26th every year. A.Thousand of B.Thousands of C.Thousand A B 3.(2016年毕节改编)A year is divided into 12months.August is the month of the year. A.twelve; B.eighth 4.(2016年温州)—Welcome to Los Angeles.Have you ever been here? —Sure.I visited this city three years ago so this is my ____ time here. A.first B.second C.third B B 5.(2016年咸宁改编)—The__________Brazil's Olympic games will be held on August 5. —_________exciting news for the long summer vacation! A.thirty­one; How a B.thirty­first; What C.thirty­first; What an B 1. volunteers will give out leaflets to ask people to protect the wetlands. A. Two hundreds B. Hundreds of C. Two hundred of 2. —Excuse me, which is the way to the museum? —Sorry, I don't know. This is my_______ time here. A. first B. second C. third B A 3.There are days in a week and Tuesday is day of the week. A. seven,third B. seven,the third C. seventh,three 4—Li Jiacheng plans to give _______ of his money to the charity. —Really? What a kind man he is! A. one third B. one three C. one thirds B A 5.Last year, one hundred English teachers took part in the ________ English Summer Training. A. two­month B. two­months C. two months 6— How was your weekend? —Great! It was my grandfather's birthday. We enjoyed ourselves. A. seventy B. seventieth C. the seventieth A B 7. There are teachers in our school, _____of them are women teachers. A. two hundreds; three fourth B. two hundred; three fourths C. two hundred; three forths 8. Three students ran faster than Lily in the race. Lily was________. A. the fourth B. four C. the third B A 查看更多

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